预防围产期艾滋病毒感染;目前的差距和未来的前景.
Beatrice Cockbain1,2, Sarah Fidler1,3, Hermione Lyall3
1Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, Imperial College NIHR BRC.
Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
|August 28, 2024
概括
尽管有有效的治疗方法,但在2022年,全球有13万名婴儿感染了艾滋病毒. 解决实施差距和探索长效抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 等创新对于消除垂直艾滋病毒传播至关重要.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 抑制艾滋病毒,改变艾滋病毒感染者的生存率 (PLWH) 并防止传播.
- 尽管有当前的治疗方法,但在2022年,全球有13万名婴儿感染了艾滋病毒,这表明艾滋病毒护理级联中存在重大实施差距.
- 围产期艾滋病毒获取突出了获取和维持艾滋病毒检测,预防和治疗服务的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 总结艾滋病毒护理级联中的差距,这些差距有助于垂直艾滋病毒传播.
- 探索潜在的新方法和治疗创新,以消除垂直艾滋病毒传播.
主要方法:
- 关于艾滋病毒护理级联实施差距的当前文献的综述.
- 探索新兴的治疗创新,包括长效ART和广泛中和抗体 (bNAbs).
主要成果:
- 包括可访问性,可用性,可持续性,耻辱,基于性别的暴力和贫困在内的多因素挑战阻碍了艾滋病毒治疗级联.
- 包括注射形式在内的长效ART在怀孕期间显示出耐受性和有效性的早期承诺,无论是治疗还是预防.
- 目前正在进行长效广泛中和抗体 (bNAbs) 的临床试验,在某些情况下已证明其安全性.
结论:
- 新兴的临床研究必须优先考虑孕妇,哺乳期患者和婴儿,以确保新疗法的安全性和有效性.
- 方案策略必须将治疗创新与应对社会和经济挑战的解决方案相结合.
- 可持续的艾滋病毒治疗和预防计划对于全球消除血液传播病毒至关重要.
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