一个断裂的环节:对碳水化合物需求的了解不能预测耐力运动员在竞争期间的碳水化合物摄入量
Gemma Sampson1, James P Morton1, José L Areta1
1Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
European journal of sport science
|August 28, 2024
概括
耐力运动员往往缺乏满足碳水化合物指南的知识. 这项研究发现,运动员对碳水化合物建议的了解与他们在比赛期间的实际摄入量之间没有联系,这表明其他因素也会影响饮食习惯.
科学领域:
- 运动营养 运动营养
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 饮食习惯 饮食习惯
背景情况:
- 耐力运动员经常不符合最佳表现的推碳水化合物 (CHO) 摄入指南.
- 有限的知识是这种差异的潜在原因,但CHO知识和运动员的摄入习惯之间的关系尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查营养知识和实际饮食实践之间有关耐力运动员碳水化合物摄入量的关系.
- 为了比较运动员自我报告的碳水化合物摄入量与CHO加载,比赛前的食和比赛期间加油的既定指南.
主要方法:
- 50名耐力运动员 (37名女性) 完成了≥2.5小时的比赛,并使用经过验证的营养知识问卷进行了评估.
- 饮食摄入量与碳水化合物负载 (10-12 g·kg−1·day−1),比赛前餐 (1-4 g·kg−1) 和比赛期间摄入量 (60-90 g·h−1) 的指导方针进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 运动员对CHO推的了解与他们实际摄入CHO负载 (r=0.133),比赛前的食 (r=0.101) 或比赛期间的加油 (r=0.028) 之间没有显著的关系.
- 尽管运动员了解了指导方针,但在实践中往往未能达到指导方针,只有10%的运动员达到CHO负载,80%的运动员达到比赛前的饮食指导方针,36%的运动员在比赛期间达到指导方针.
结论:
- 对碳水化合物建议的理论知识并不能转化为耐力运动员的最佳饮食做法.
- 超出知识范围的因素,如实际应用,个人偏好或可访问性,可能在确定运动员在比赛期间实际摄入碳水化合物的过程中发挥重要作用.
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