哺乳动物冠状病毒的近期进化起源和局部多样性热点
Renan Maestri1,2, Benoît Perez-Lamarque1,3, Anna Zhukova4
1Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France.
eLife
|August 28, 2024
概括
冠状病毒可能最近起源于蝙蝠,并通过宿主开关传播,而不是古代编码多样化. 人类可能会作为进化中间体,增加流行病的潜力.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 冠状病毒,包括SARS-CoV-2,导致人类重大疾病和流行病.
- 了解冠状病毒的进化历史,宿主传播和生物地理是至关重要的,但具有挑战性.
- 之前的研究表明,Coronaviridae的长期病毒宿主编码多样化.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个框架来测试古代与最近的冠状病毒起源和多样化.
- 为了研究冠状病毒及其哺乳动物宿主的进化史.
- 评估主机交换机在冠状病毒多样化中的作用.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个新的框架,用于对进化情景进行强有力的测试.
- 应用了框架来分析哺乳动物中的冠状病毒宿主协会.
- 利用遗传学和生物地理分析推断进化模式.
主要成果:
- 结果支持最近在蝙蝠中出现的冠状病毒.
- 多样化主要是通过宿主交换发生的,有利于同一哺乳动物群体内的宿主.
- 确定东亚和欧洲是冠状病毒多样性的热点,与最近的本地化主机交换相一致.
- 从蝙蝠到其他物种的溢出很少见,但对人类的可能性更高,表明人类是进化中间体.
- 人类,养动物和野生哺乳动物之间的高宿主交换率表明,全球传播可能迅速.
结论:
- 现存的哺乳动物冠状病毒的进化历史是最近的,挑战了以前关于长期编码多样化的假设.
- 主体切换,特别是在哺乳动物阶级和涉及人类,是冠状病毒传播和多样化的关键驱动因素.
- 了解最近的进化动态和主机交换模式对于预测和减轻未来的冠状病毒爆发至关重要.
关键词:
编码多元化 编码多元化共同进化的共同进化新冠肺炎病毒的演变冠状病毒的多样性.流行病学流行病学进化生物学是进化的生物学.全球卫生健康全球卫生健康人类 人类 人类 人类 人类 人类 人类寄生虫多样化的多样化首选的主机切换病毒 病毒 病毒 病毒更多相关视频
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