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音乐训练可以改善儿童的抑制控制吗? 一个系统的审查和元分析

Kevin Jamey¹, Nicholas E V Foster¹, Krista L Hyde¹

¹International Laboratory for Brain, Music, and Sound Research (BRAMS), Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada; Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), Montreal, Canada.

|August 28, 2024

概括

音乐训练显著提高了儿童的抑制控制能力,这是一个关键的自我调节技能. 这一发现支持音乐在认知发展中的作用,并为ADHD等疾病提供了一种工具.

科学领域:

认知神经科学认知神经科学
发展心理学发展心理学
音乐教育音乐教育教育

背景情况:

抑制控制是儿童自我调节,社会技能和语言发展的关键执行功能.
音乐训练是一种复杂的多感官活动,通过要求表现监测和听觉注意力,严重涉及抑制控制.

研究的目的:

对音乐培训对儿童抑制控制的影响进行元分析.
将音乐训练对抑制控制的影响与其他活动进行比较.

主要方法:

1980年至2023年间发表的对照纵向研究的系统元分析.
包括22项研究 (1734名参与者),包括8项随机对照试验 (RCT) 和14项其他纵向设计.
采用随机效应的元分析来综合抑制控制的发现.

主要成果:

在RCT中,音乐训练在改善抑制控制方面表现出中等至大效果.
在所有22项纵向研究中,音乐训练对抑制控制的效果大小小至中等.
与体育,视觉艺术和戏剧相比,音乐培训对执行功能,特别是抑制控制产生了更好的影响.

结论:

音乐训练在增强儿童的抑制控制方面非常有效.
音乐培训为执行职能提供了显著的好处,超过了其他课外活动.
音乐训练被推作为教育补充和改善抑制控制的临床干预,特别是对于患有自闭症和多动症的儿童.

关键词:

儿童发展儿童发展抑制控制抑制的控制进行元分析分析.音乐培训音乐培训音乐培训技能转移是指技能转移.

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