种族,收入水平和心血管疾病之间的关系
Khawaja M Talha1, Eisha Waqar2, Heather M Johnson3
1Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
Journal of the National Medical Association
|August 28, 2024
概括
糖尿病和高血压等心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险因素显示种族群体之间的差异,特别影响非西班牙裔黑人个人,即使在更高收入水平. 这些健康不平等现象在各个社会经济层面仍然存在.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 仍然是全球主要的死亡原因.
- 了解种族,种族,收入和心血管疾病患病率的相互作用对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
- 现有的研究强调了健康结果的社会经济和种族差异,但需要对收入层进行全面的分析.
研究的目的:
- 调查心血管疾病 (CVD) 的患病率及其相关风险因素.
- 检查不同种族/种族群体 (非西班牙裔白人,非西班牙裔黑人,西班牙裔) 的这些患病率.
- 分析心血管疾病风险因素与收入水平之间的关联,按种族/种族分层.
主要方法:
- 对2005-2018年国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 数据的回顾性分析.
- 包括20岁以上的成年人,按种族/种族和收入与贫困比率 (PIR) 分类.
- 根据人口和社会经济因素调整的加权后勤回归模型来评估赔率比率.
主要成果:
- 糖尿病 (DM),高血压,冠状动脉疾病 (CAD),充血性心力衰竭 (CHF) 和中风的患病率随着收入季度的增加而下降.
- 与非西班牙裔白人参与者相比,非西班牙裔黑人参与者患DM,高血压,肥胖,心血管衰竭和中风的几率更高.
- 非西班牙裔白人和非西班牙裔黑人之间肥胖,DM和中风的患病率差异在最高收入四分之一中更为明显.
结论:
- 在所有收入水平上,心血管疾病风险因素的种族和民族差异仍然存在.
- 在非西班牙裔黑人和非西班牙裔白人之间,某些心血管疾病风险因素的流行率差距在更高的收入水平上变得更大.
- 解决这些持续的健康不平等问题需要根据种族/种族和社会经济地位考虑量身定制的战略.
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