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亚洲大象 (Elephas maximus) 的动态占用模型显示,尼泊尔的景观使用越来越多
Ashok Kumar Ram1,2, Babu Ram Lamichhane3,4, Naresh Subedi3
1Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal. elephas.maximus@yahoo.com.
Scientific reports
|August 28, 2024
概括
亚洲大象 (Elephas maximus) 越来越多地在尼泊尔的保护区内外使用景观. 减少人大象冲突是促进更广泛的息地使用和人类主导地区的共存的关键.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 野生动物管理 野生动物管理
背景情况:
- 像亚洲大象这样的大型哺乳动物由于人与野生动物的冲突而面临息地限制,通常仅限于保护区.
- 专注于减少冲突的保护战略可以提高人类对大象的容忍度,在人类主导的景观中.
研究的目的:
- 分析亚洲大象 (Elephas maximus) 在2012年至2020年间在尼泊尔的Cure Terai Madhesh景观 (CTML) 中的景观使用的变化.
- 调查保护区地位和环境条件对随时间推移大象分布的影响.
主要方法:
- 系统地调查大约42,000平方公里的潜在大象息地,分为15x15公里的网格细胞.
- 在三年 (2012,2018,2020年) 的凉爽干燥季节记录大象的标志.
- 使用动态占用模型框架分析调查数据,以评估影响大象使用,殖民和检测的因素.
主要成果:
- 保护区显示大象的初始使用率和殖民率较高.
- 在研究期间,大象的使用在保护区内外显著扩大.
- 观察到保护区和未受保护区之间息地使用差异的下降,大象在西部和东部地区巩固.
结论:
- 亚洲大象在CTML的受保护和不受保护的地区都在增加景观利用率.
- 旨在缓解人象冲突的管理干预措施对于促进大象更多地利用多样化的息地至关重要.
- 有效的冲突减少策略可以增强共存,并支持亚洲大象在人类改变的景观中的持续存在.
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