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灌增加和稳定蚊子种群,增加西尼罗河病毒的发生率
Tony J Kovach1, A Marm Kilpatrick2
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA. tokovach@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|August 28, 2024
概括
灌显著增加了蚊子种群,西尼罗河病毒 (WNV) 的携带者,以及人类WNV疾病病例. 这种农业实践还减少了蚊子数量的自然波动,导致持续的疾病风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 人类活动,特别是农业,对全球水循环产生重大影响.
- 灌改变了水的可用性,影响了蚊子种群和蚊子传播疾病的传播.
- 以前对灌对蚊子数量和疾病的影响的研究已经产生了不一致的结果,对其对蚊子种群变异性的影响的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查灌,气候和土地覆盖对蚊子繁多的影响.
- 评估灌和人类西尼罗河病毒 (WNV) 发病率之间的关系.
- 了解灌如何影响蚊子种群的季节性变化.
主要方法:
- 检查了加利福尼亚州灌,气候和土地覆盖的数据.
- 量化了蚊子的丰富性,重点关注关键载体,如Culex tarsalis和Culex pipiens.
- 分析了灌,蚊子繁多和人类WNV病例之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 灌占水量投入的很大一部分,在区域范围内超过降水量.
- 蚊子物种 (Culex tarsalis,Culex pipiens复合体) 在灌后的数量增加了17-21倍.
- 灌使Culex tarsalis丰度的季节性变化减少了36.1%,并解释了人类WNV发病率变化的34.2%.
结论:
- 灌增加了蚊子种群和人类西尼罗河病毒 (WNV) 的发生率.
- 灌将蚊子种群与自然降水模式分开,导致持续的疾病负担.
- 气候变化引起的降水变化可能需要增加灌,这可能会加剧干旱地区蚊子传播疾病的风险.
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