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调查饮食准则过渡对心脏代谢风险概况的影响:使用饮食质量指标进行法医分析

Ayesha Sualeheen¹, Ban-Hock Khor², Jun-Hao Lim³

¹Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, 3220, Australia.

Scientific reports

|August 28, 2024

概括

马来西亚2020年饮食指南 (MDG-2020) 显示与心脏代谢风险的相关性比2010年版本更好,尽管马来西亚人口的饮食质量整体不佳. 改善对MDG-2020指导方针的遵守,显著降低心脏代谢风险因素.

科学领域:

营养流行病学营养流行病学
公共卫生营养公共卫生营养
心脏代谢健康状况

背景情况:

饮食质量 (DQ) 评估对于评估饮食指南和人口健康至关重要.
将最新的马来西亚饮食指南 (MDG-2020) 与之前的版本 (MDG-2010) 进行比较对于公共健康至关重要.
了解马来西亚成年人口的饮食质量与心脏代谢风险 (CMR) 之间的关系至关重要.

研究的目的:

使用饮食质量 (DQ) 度量,将2020年马来西亚饮食指南 (MDG-2020) 与2010年MDG进行比较.
在马来西亚成年人中评估DQ得分与心脏代谢风险 (CMR) 之间的关联.
评估更新的MDG-2020与CMR指标相关的有效性.

主要方法:

分析了马来西亚脂质研究 (MLS) 队列 (n=577,年龄20-65) 的截面数据.
通过2015年健康饮食指数 (HEI-2015) 框架评估饮食质量,该框架适应了MDG-2020 (MHEI2020) 和MDG-2010 (MHEI2010).
研究了DQ得分,CMR标记,饮食模式和社会人口统计因素之间的关联.

主要成果:

对于MHEI2020 (37.1±10.3) 和MHEI2010 (39.1±10.4) 的总体DQ分数都是"差"的.
与MHEI2010相比,MHEI2020与CMR标志物 (WC,BF%,TG,胰岛素,HOMA2-IR,小LDL) 的相关性更强.
较高的MHEI2020遵守率显著降低了TG,HOMA2-IR和hsCRP升高的几率;每增加5个单位就降低了多个CMR指标的几率.

结论:

与MDG-2010相比,MDG-2020与心脏代谢风险指标进行了更好的校准.
马来西亚人口的饮食质量不足,需要有针对性的健康促进.
建议包括增加水果,蔬菜和全谷物摄入量,同时适度饮食精制谷物,添加糖和和脂肪.

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