过度的前端对面对面控制基于认知努力的决策在患有神经性厌食症的年轻女性
Joseph A King1, Fabio Bernardoni1, Andrew Westbrook2
1Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Molecular psychiatry
|August 28, 2024
概括
精神性厌食症 (AN) 患者不会降低认知努力的价值,而是表现出增加的认知控制,这表明过度控制是AN的关键治疗目标. 这影响了AN对基于努力的决策的理解.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 神经性厌食症 (AN) 的特点通常是持续参与诸如食物限制和过度炼之类的费力行为.
- 现有的模型建议改变奖励处理或夸张的认知控制有助于这些行为.
- 了解认知努力在AN中的作用对于开发有效的治疗方法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查AN个体的认知努力折扣和相关的神经机制.
- 在AN中区分改变奖励反应和夸张的认知控制.
- 确定与在AN.努力投资相关的潜在治疗目标.
主要方法:
- 采用了认知努力折扣范式与功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 结合.
- 利用N-back任务来运行认知努力.
- 将年轻,体重不足的女性患者与年龄相匹配的健康对照 (HC; n=48) 进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 在奖励估值区域中,没有发现主观价值 (SV) 的折扣奖励或与SV相关的大脑激活的显著群体差异.
- 患有AN的个体表现出优异的N-back任务性能和更高的努力评分,表明更大的认知努力投资.
- fMRI显示,在AN中决策过程中,甚至对于更简单的任务,与SV相关的前侧对象激活增加,这表明认知控制得到了增强.
结论:
- 在患有AN的人中,认知努力的折扣似乎相对完好.
- 结果强调了在要求高的任务和基于努力的决策过程中认知过度控制的提高.
- 认知过度控制是神经性厌食症的重要治疗目标.
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