药物诱导的精神疾病,表观遗传和微生物组变化,以及治疗干预的潜力
Shabnam Nohesara1,2, Hamid Mostafavi Abdolmaleky1,3, Sam Thiagalingam1,4
1Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Brain sciences
|August 29, 2024
概括
药物使用障碍 (SUDs) 通过大脑的表观遗传变化与精神病症状有关. 改变饮食和肠道微生物群可能为SUD提供新的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 药物使用障碍 (SUD) 是一种复杂的疾病,导致神经认知和神经障碍.
- 表观遗传变化,包括DNA甲基化和microRNA变化,都与SUD和精神病症状有关.
- 父母接触物质和母亲的饮食可以影响后代的大脑发育和神经健康.
研究的目的:
- 审查表观遗传改变在物质使用障碍和精神病症状中的作用.
- 探索父母物质暴露和母亲饮食对后代表观遗传学的影响.
- 讨论针对SUDs的表观遗传学,饮食和肠道微生物组的潜在治疗干预措施.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合了SUD,表观遗传学和神经障碍的证据.
- 对研究基因表达,DNA甲基化和微RNA在物质使用中的研究进行分析.
- 探索物质使用,肠道微生物组和表观遗传修饰之间的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 药物使用会诱导奖励通路的表观遗传变化,可能导致精神病症状.
- 父亲和母亲的物质暴露可能导致后代大脑的表观遗传变化.
- 饮食干预和肠道微生物组调节在减轻物质诱导的神经损伤方面表现有前途.
结论:
- 表观遗传修饰是将物质使用与神经和精神疾病联系起来的关键机制.
- 饮食和肠道微生物干预措施是治疗SUD和相关症状的有希望的途径.
- 未来的研究应该专注于个性化治疗策略,调节表观基因组和微生物组.
更多相关视频
07:30HSV-Mediated Transgene Expression of Chimeric Constructs to Study Behavioral Function of GPCR Heteromers in Mice
Published on: July 9, 2016
7.3K
09:29Investigating Drivers of Antireward in Addiction Behavior with Anatomically Specific Single-Cell Gene Expression Methods
Published on: August 4, 2022
2.2K
相关概念视频
01:29Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
51
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
51
01:27Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
520
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
520
01:24Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
163
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
163
01:30Stress and Mental Health
88
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
88
01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
81
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
81
01:29Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder
150
The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
150