改变不宽容者的容忍:大型食肉动物政策是否重要?
Erik R Olson1, Jamie Goethlich2
1Department of Natural Resources, Northland College, Ashland, WI 54806, USA.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|August 29, 2024
概括
当地对狼的容忍是保护的关键. 政策变化可以显著改变这种宽容,特别是对于那些有负面或矛盾态度的人来说,突出了野生动物管理和公众看法之间的细微联系.
科学领域:
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 野生动物管理的人类维度
- 野生动物政策分析 野生动物政策分析
背景情况:
- 大型食肉动物的保护成功取决于当地居民的容忍度.
- 对野生动物政策的负面看法可能会降低容忍度并增加偷猎.
- 政策变化可能会直接影响公众对野生动物物种的容忍.
研究的目的:
- 调查野生动物政策情景与公众对狼 (狼) 容忍度预期变化的关系.
- 确定不同的政策方法如何影响不同公共部门之间的容忍水平.
- 了解人口因素和当前容忍水平对应对政策变化的影响.
主要方法:
- 在核心狼范围内的威斯康星州北部 (2015-2016) 进行的调查.
- 阶层集群分析以根据当前的狼容忍度 (积极,矛盾,负面) 来分组受访者.
- 在不同的政策情景下评估行为意图和预期的容忍转变;使用信息理论模型选择.
主要成果:
- 三个不同的耐受性集群 (积极,矛盾,负面) 显示出明显不同的行为意图和预期的耐受性变化.
- 积极的狼态度的受访者不太可能改变宽容;矛盾/负面的群体更有可能改变.
- 一个受监管的狼狩猎/捕猎季节场景揭示了辛普森悖论;集群级别分析显示了直观的模式.
结论:
- 政策变化赋予国家更大的管理权力,包括合法杀戮,可能会增加猎人,牲畜所有者和矛盾/负面群体之间的容忍.
- 展示了野生动物政策与公众宽容之间的微妙关系,挑战了关于汇总数据的假设.
- 强调在制定野生动物政策时考虑公共细分的重要性,以获得有效的保护成果.
相关概念视频
Conservation of Small Populations
13.1K
Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less...
13.1K
Predator-Prey Interactions
16.2K
Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
16.2K
Threats to Biodiversity
22.2K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.2K
Habitat Fragmentation
17.4K
Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land conversion, as well as slower geological processes leading to changes in the physical environment, are the two leading causes of habitat fragmentation. The fragmentation process typically follows the same steps: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition.
17.4K
What is Conservation Biology?
18.4K
Conservation biology is a scientific field that focuses on the preservation of biodiversity in order to protect ecosystems while meeting the needs of the human population. Humans require properly functioning ecosystems to maintain our supply of natural resources, including food, medicines, and building materials.
18.4K
Limits to Natural Selection
31.2K
Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.
31.2K


