干燥过程对菜的磨砂性和物理化学性质的影响
Stanisław Rudy1, Dariusz Dziki1, Beata Biernacka1
1Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka St. 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 29, 2024
概括
在40°C的冷干燥最好保存菜茎质量,包括颜色,抗氧化剂和叶绿素. 其他方法,如对流微波干燥,减少了干燥时间,但对物理化学性质和可磨性产生了负面影响.
科学领域:
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 农业工程 农业工程
背景情况:
- 菜茎是有价值的营养素和生物活性化合物的来源.
- 优化干燥方法对于保持菜的质量和功能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较冷干燥,真空干燥,对流干燥和对流微波干燥对菜茎特性的影响.
- 分析干燥对干燥动力学,物理化学性质和磨砂能力的影响.
- 确定优质干菜的最佳干燥条件.
主要方法:
- 菜茎使用冷干燥,真空干燥,对流干燥和对流微波干燥 (50W,100W) 在40°C,60°C和80°C的温度下干燥.
- 使用Page模型建模了干燥动力学.
- 评估了物理化学性质 (颜色,抗氧化能力,叶绿素,胡卜素) 和可磨性.
- 评估了研磨过程中的能源消耗.
主要成果:
- 对流式微波干燥显著减少了干燥时间,而在40°C的冷干燥导致了最长的持续时间.
- 在40°C的冷干燥产生了最佳质量,颜色变化最小,抗氧化剂,叶绿素和胡卜素的保持率最高.
- 100W的对流微波干燥导致了物理化学性质的最显著变化.
- 干燥方法和温度影响了研磨能量,颗粒大小和研磨能量指数,参数在更高的温度下恶化.
结论:
- 在40°C的冷干燥是保持干燥的菜茎的质量和分解性能的最佳方法.
- 干燥条件显著影响菜的物理化学属性和加工能力.
- 与冷干燥相比,对流式微波干燥提供了更快的处理速度,但会损害质量.
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