雌激素受体:阿尔茨海默氏症治疗疾病的新前沿
Giovanni Luca Cipriano1, Emanuela Mazzon1, Ivan Anchesi1
1IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
International journal of molecular sciences
|August 29, 2024
概括
雌激素可以预防阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD),一种神经退行性疾病. 新型以雌激素为基础的疗法,如选择性ER调节器,对AD治疗具有比传统激素疗法更少副作用的前景.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种导致痴呆的神经退行性疾病,不成比例地影响绝经后妇女.
- 雌激素具有神经保护作用,通过雌激素受体 (ER) 和β-粉样蛋白前体蛋白影响生理功能.
- 雌激素与AD病变的联系突出了潜在的治疗途径.
研究的目的:
- 审查阿尔茨海默病的以雌激素为基础的治疗方法.
- 探索新型雌激素受体调节剂和植物雌激素的神经保护性和抗亡性质.
- 评估与传统激素疗法相比,这些替代方案的潜力.
主要方法:
- 对雌激素受体调节剂和植物雌激素的实验证据的审查.
- 对雌激素与雌激素受体 (ERs) 和β-粉样蛋白前体蛋白的相互作用进行分析.
- 新疗法与传统激素替代疗法之间副作用概况的比较.
主要成果:
- 选择性ER调节剂和植物雌激素表现出与AD相关的神经保护和抗亡作用.
- 这些新型药物可能会为传统激素疗法提供更安全的替代方案.
- 以雌激素为基础的治疗显示出部分预防或管理AD神经退行症的潜力.
结论:
- 基于雌激素的化合物,包括选择性ER调节剂和植物雌激素,代表了阿尔茨海默病的有希望的治疗策略.
- 与传统的激素疗法相比,这些替代方案可以减轻AD的进展,降低副作用的风险.
- 对基于雌激素的治疗方法进行进一步的研究是有效的阿尔茨海默病管理的必要条件.
相关概念视频
01:22Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
170
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
170
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
454
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
454
01:30Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism
2.2K
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
2.2K
01:00Enzyme-linked Receptors
77.7K
Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
77.7K
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
110
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
110
01:31Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors
1.3K
Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
1.3K