从发育犯罪学报告中报告的儿童心理社会风险和保护因素的系统审查
Daniela Zúñiga1, Francesco Carretta2, Macarena Contreras3
1Institute of Psychological Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Isla Teja Campus, Valdivia 5110566, Chile.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 29, 2024
概括
儿童的侵权行为预示着成年人的犯罪行为. 早期识别风险和保护因素对于及时干预至关重要,以防止终身社会调整问题.
科学领域:
- 发展性犯罪学 发展性犯罪学
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 生态系统理论 生态系统理论
背景情况:
- 持续的超越性行为通常在早期发育中出现,在十二岁左右升级.
- 童年和青春期早期是干预的关键时期,因为早期的行为预测了成人犯罪.
- 了解儿童时期的风险和保护因素是预防复杂的社会适应问题的关键.
研究的目的:
- 从发展犯罪学的角度来研究与非法行为相关的儿童风险和保护因素.
- 为设计干预措施提供信息,以防止违反规范行为的行为升级.
- 为了讨论,在生态系统理论中组织识别的因素.
主要方法:
- 使用PRISMA方法进行系统审查.
- 分析了24篇最新的发展性犯罪学文章.
- 专注于在出生到12岁之间发现的保护因素.
主要成果:
- 个人风险因素包括生物,社会情绪,行为,症状和不良生活经历.
- 个人保护因素包括认知,社会情感和人格发展.
- 人际和情境风险因素包括家庭,学校,同龄人,社会经济地位和治理.
结论:
- 识别儿童发育中的风险和保护因素至关重要.
- 干预措施应在多个层面上运作,促进儿童保育机构之间的合作.
- 早期识别和干预可以减轻成年犯罪行为的轨迹.
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