玉米-大豆旋转和交叉作物通过影响树叶球土壤真菌群体的结构和功能来增加玉米产量

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Liqiang Zhang¹, Yuhan Yang¹, Zehang Zhao¹

¹College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.

|August 29, 2024

概括

交替作物和交叉作物通过改变土壤真菌来改善玉米的产量和健康. 在黑土地区,作物轮换比杂交作物更有效,以实现可持续农业.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
土壤科学土壤科学
菌类学菌类学是指菌类学.

背景情况:

持续种植玉米 (CMC) 加剧了土壤传播的疾病,对玉米的健康和产量产生了负面影响.
可持续的作物系统对于缓解这些问题至关重要,在重要的农业地区,如中国东北部的黑土地区至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估持续种植玉米 (CMC),玉米-大豆旋转 (MSR) 和玉米-大豆交叉种植 (MSI) 对玉米产量的长期影响.
分析这些作物系统对树枝球土壤真菌群落的结构和功能的影响.

主要方法:

在中国东北部进行了为期11年的实地实验.
三种作物系统进行了比较:CMC,MSR和MSI.
分析了玉米产量,耳高系数和树枝球土壤真菌群体的组成和功能.

主要成果:

与CMC相比,MSI和MSR显著提高了玉米产量 (7.4312.37%) 和降低了耳高度系数 (3.3016.26%).
根球菌的丰富性和多样性在MSR和MSI下低于CMC.
MSR和MSI促进了有益的真菌 (木质菌) 和减少了病原体,作物轮换显示出比交叉作物更大的有效性.

结论:

在中国东北部的黑土区,作物轮换 (MSR) 在提高玉米产量和抑制土壤传染病方面比杂交作物 (MSI) 更有效.
从连续作物转向旋转或交叉作物系统可以改善土壤健康并促进可持续的农业生态系统.

关键词:

持续的玉米作物种植.菌群的多样性菌群的多样性菌的社区功能是真菌的社区功能.玉米大豆豆类插合作物玉米大豆豆旋转周期土壤传播疾病土壤传播疾病

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