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追踪麻疹和风疹消除进展-世界卫生组织非洲地区,2022-2023年

Balcha G Masresha1, Charles Shey Wiysonge1, Reggis Katsande1

  • 1WHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville P.O. Box 06, Congo.

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概括

非洲地区消除麻疹和红疹面临挑战,疫苗接种覆盖率低,监测缺口阻碍了进展. 有针对性的战略对于接触未接种疫苗的儿童和到2030年实现消除疫苗的目标至关重要.

关键词:
非洲 非洲 非洲覆盖范围覆盖范围的覆盖范围.淘汰 淘汰 消除 淘汰麻疹 麻疹 是 一种 麻疹.红疹是一种红疹.监控监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督监督接种疫苗 接种疫苗

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科学领域:

  • 公共卫生 公共卫生
  • 流行病学 流行病学
  • 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学

背景情况:

  • 消除麻疹和红疹需要持续缺乏特有传播和强有力的监测.
  • 世卫组织非洲地区的目标是到2030年,80%的国家将消除核查.
  • 通过疫苗接种覆盖率,补充免疫活动 (SIAs) 和监测表现来监测进展.

研究的目的:

  • 更新世卫组织非洲地区消除麻疹和风疹的进展情况.
  • 审查疫苗接种覆盖率,SIA,监测绩效和流行病学趋势.
  • 确定挑战,并推实现消除目标的策略.

主要方法:

  • 对2022-2023年世卫组织-联合国儿童基金会疫苗接种覆盖率估计 (MCV1,MCV2) 的审查.
  • 麻疹补充免疫活动 (SIAs) 数据的分析.
  • 从基于病例的数据评估麻疹监测绩效和流行病学趋势.

主要成果:

  • 在2022年,MCV1覆盖率为69%,MCV2覆盖率为45%.
  • 在32/47个国家引入含有红疹疫苗;在2023年没有新的引入.
  • 麻疹发病率为每百万例60.3例,58%的疑似病例得到确认.
  • 只有55%的国家实现了监督绩效目标.
  • 没有一个国家实现了消除麻疹或红疹的验证.

结论:

  • 日常接种疫苗覆盖率低,监测缺口阻碍了消除疫苗的努力.
  • 有针对性的方法来接触未接种疫苗的儿童是必不可少的.
  • 高质量,及时的SIA对于疾病控制和消除至关重要.