乌克兰移民在两个欧洲国家的艾滋病毒护理:都一样吗?
Kathrin van Bremen1,2, Miłosz Parczewski3,4, Malte Monin1,2
1Bonn University Hospital, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 29, 2024
概括
住在欧洲的乌克兰艾滋病毒感染者难民经历了显著的免疫复合和高的病毒抑制率. 医疗保健提供者应在这一群体中查HBV,HCV和结核病等共感染.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 艾滋病毒 医学 艾滋病毒 医学
背景情况:
- 乌克兰战争导致欧洲出现了严重的难民危机,成千上万的艾滋病毒感染者寻求医疗.
- 乌克兰艾滋病毒感染难民在抵达新国家时呈现出独特的医疗保健需求和共同感染概况.
- 了解这些需求对于有效管理和融入欧洲医疗保健系统至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较生活在德国和波兰的乌克兰难民与艾滋病毒的医疗保健特征.
- 分析PLWH难民的人口统计,病毒学,免疫学和共感染数据.
- 评估治疗的坚持和结果,包括免疫复制和病毒抑制.
主要方法:
- 在2022年4月至2023年5月期间,对161名乌克兰难民进行了回顾性研究,他们生活在德国波恩和波兰斯切的艾滋病毒感染者中.
- 对人口统计数据,艾滋病毒传播方式,抗逆转录病毒疗法方案和共感染流行率 (乙型肝炎,乙型肝炎,结核病) 的分析.
- 在基线和6个月随访时评估免疫状态 (CD4+计数) 和病毒抑制 (<40 HIV-RNA/mL).
主要成果:
- 大多数难民都是女性,异性恋性行为是艾滋病毒传播的主要方式.
- 所有患者在抵达时都接受联合抗逆转录病毒疗法 (cART),在两国都观察到调节方案的切换.
- 病毒抑制率保持高,并注意到显著的免疫复制,特别是在德国 (p=0.04).
- 肝炎C (11.7%),肝炎B (4.7%) 和过去的结核病 (16.9%) 的患病率表明需要同时感染查.
结论:
- 战争引发的移民对艾滋病毒感染者带来了复杂的健康挑战,并扩展到常见的共感染.
- 对于来自高患病率地区的难民来说,对B型肝炎,C型肝炎和结核病等共感染的查至关重要.
- 有效的管理需要量身定制的医疗保健方法,以应对流离失所人口中的艾滋病毒和相关共感染.
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