水生动物的帕沃病毒
Frederick Kibenge1, Molly Kibenge1, Marco Montes de Oca2
1Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 29, 2024
概括
水生动物的帕沃病毒感染了各种物种,导致了严重的疾病爆发. 本综述详细介绍了这些病毒,它们的宿主,以及对养殖和野生种群的影响.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 水生动物卫生 水生动物卫生
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 帕沃病毒家族 (Parvoviridae) 包含具有单链DNA基因组的小型非外病毒.
- 这些病毒被分为Parvovirinae,Densovirinae,Haparvovirinae亚科,以及一个未被指定的Metalloincertoparvovirus属.
- 影响水生动物的帕尔沃病毒具有高度宿主特异性,并与大量的发病率和死亡率事件有关.
研究的目的:
- 审查已知的感染水生动物的帕沃病毒,包括甲类,软体动物和鱼类.
- 突出它们在水产养殖和野生种群中的重要性.
- 通过元基因组方法讨论新发现的帕尔沃病毒.
主要方法:
- 关于水生动物帕沃病毒的已发表研究的文献综述.
- 收集有关已识别的帕沃病毒,它们的宿主和地理分布的数据.
- 包括从元基因组测序研究中得出的发现.
主要成果:
- 具体的帕尔沃病毒的详细描述,如切拉克斯四角虫密度病毒 (CqDV),海星相关密度病毒 (SSaDV),克林奇密度病毒1,肝胰腺密度病毒 (HPV),传染性皮下和造血性缩病毒 (IHHNV),Syngnathid ichthamaparvovirus1,鱼密度病毒 (TiPV),和Penaeus monodon金属密度病毒 (PmMDV).
- 在各种水生宿主中识别帕沃病毒,包括,海星,,,管鱼,鱼和鱼.
- 使用元基因组测序检测鱼和鱼中的新型帕沃病毒.
结论:
- 帕沃病毒对各种水生动物构成重大病毒威胁.
- 持续的监测和研究,包括转基因组学,对于了解和管理水生生态系统中的帕维病毒感染至关重要.
- 宿主特异性和大规模死亡的可能性强调了这些病毒在水生动物健康和生物安全方面的重要性.
相关概念视频
00:57Viral Recombination
23.3K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.3K
02:33Retroviruses
12.2K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
12.2K
01:03Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
5.0K
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
5.0K
01:10Retrovirus Life Cycles
45.8K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
45.8K
01:25Aquaporins
4.8K
Aquaporins or AQPs are a family of integral membrane proteins whose primary function is to transport water, while some called aquaglyceroporins also transport glycerol. In addition, aquaporins have also been suspected to be involved in transporting volatile substances, such as carbon dioxide and ammonia, across membranes. Such AQPs that act as gas channels are often highly expressed in cells involved in the gaseous exchange, such as red blood cells, epithelial cells, and pulmonary capillaries.
4.8K
00:36Viral Mutations
32.2K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
32.2K