非洲猪瘟意大利群体在2022-2023年流行浪潮中的遗传特征通过多基因方法
Monica Giammarioli1, Claudia Torresi1, Roberta Biccheri1
1National Reference Laboratory (NRL) for Swine Fever, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Viruses
|August 29, 2024
概括
非洲猪瘟病毒 (ASFV) 基因型II在2022年入侵意大利,在多个地区蔓延. 这项研究详细介绍了130多种ASFV菌株的分子特征,揭示了四个不同的基因组,包括两个新型基因组.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
- 传染病的动态传染病的动态.
背景情况:
- 非洲猪瘟病毒 (ASFV) 基因型II在2022年首次在意大利检测到,导致至少八个地区的野猪和家猪广泛爆发.
- 该病毒造成了重大流行病学挑战,需要进行详细的分子调查,以了解它在意大利的传播和遗传多样性.
研究的目的:
- 在2022年1月至2023年12月期间,对在意大利流传的ASFV菌株进行全面的分子表征.
- 调查导致野猪和猪爆发的ASFV菌株之间的流行病学联系.
- 在意大利领土内确定ASFV基因型II的遗传多样性和进化模式.
主要方法:
- 多基因测序方法应用于来自意大利野猪和猪的130多个ASFV阳性样本.
- 遗传学分析以确定意大利ASFV菌株的遗传关系和聚类.
- 意大利ASFV序列与全球基因型II菌株的比较,特别是来自欧亚国家的菌株.
主要成果:
- 所有分析的意大利ASFV样本都确认为基因型II,与先前报告的欧亚基因型II序列具有很高的同质性.
- 在意大利确定了四个不同的ASFV遗传组:遗传组3 (72%的样本),遗传组19 (15.9%),以及两个新发现的组,遗传组25 (9.1%) 和遗传组26 (3.0%).
- 基因组3与在欧洲观察到的最常见的基因组一致,表明具有共同的起源或传播模式.
结论:
- 在意大利流传的ASFV菌株仅属于II基因型,与其他欧亚国家发现的菌株有很强的联系.
- 分子特征揭示了意大利ASFV种群中的显著遗传多样性,包括新型遗传组的出现.
- 这项研究为意大利影响的ASFV菌株提供了第一个详细的分子洞察力,这对于有效的疾病监测和控制战略至关重要.
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