关于预防性HPV疫苗对HPV类型患病率和宫病理学影响的最新情况
Ian N Hampson1, Anthony W Oliver2
1Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
Viruses
|August 29, 2024
概括
人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种计划在预防向感染方面显示出有效性,但引起了对HPV类型替代的担忧. 长期的宫部查对于监测疫苗影响至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 全国人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种计划始于2008年左右,使用双价和四价疫苗,后来引入无价格的加达西尔9疫苗.
- 这些疫苗已被证明是有效的预防疫苗向HPV类型的感染和减少相关的宫和生殖器病理.
- 在性行为开始之前接种疫苗比在年龄较大,已经感染HPV的女性中更有效.
研究的目的:
- 评估HPV疫苗接种计划对HPV类型流行率的有效性和影响.
- 在接种疫苗的人群中调查HPV型替代现象.
- 评估观察到的HPV型患病率变化对长期宫病理和查策略的影响.
主要方法:
- 对HPV疫苗疗效的国家和地区数据的分析.
- 审查最近的研究检查疫苗接种队伍中的HPV类型流行率转移.
- 调查与疫苗接种状态和地理邻近性相关的HPV类型流行变化.
主要成果:
- 虽然疫苗覆盖的HPV类型已经下降,但疫苗疗效存在国家和地区的差异.
- 在接种疫苗的人群中观察到非疫苗覆盖的HPV类型 (HPV类型替代) 的增加.
- 疫苗相关的HPV类型流行变化正在通过性传播在接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的妇女之间传播.
结论:
- 在混合人群中,HPV类型替代对疫苗疗效和宫病理的长期影响仍然不清楚.
- 持续的长期子宫部查是必不可少的.
- 需要定期重新评估宫查实践,以适应不断变化的HPV流行病学.
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