在Murrah水牛的生产和繁殖特征的遗传和表型趋势
Rohit Sharma1, Satpal Dahiya1, Yogesh Chandrakant Bangar1
1Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India.
Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene
|August 29, 2024
概括
默拉水牛的遗传和表型趋势显示,牛奶生产特征的显著改善. 然而,生殖效率仍然是一个挑战,随着时间的推移,服务期或分娩间隔没有显著变化.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学和动物繁殖
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
背景情况:
- 穆拉水牛对于许多地区的牛奶生产至关重要.
- 了解遗传和表型趋势对于提高群体生产力和可持续性至关重要.
- 以前的研究集中在个体特征上,但需要对生产和繁殖进行全面分析.
研究的目的:
- 估计默拉水牛的关键第一个哺乳期生产和繁殖特征的遗传和表型趋势.
- 确定重大趋势及其对育种计划的影响.
- 评估生产改进与生殖效率之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 分析了包括血统和特征信息在内的640只Murrah水牛 (1997-2020) 的数据.
- 分析了第一个哺乳期的特征:牛奶产量 (FLMY),305天的牛奶产量 (305FLMY),哺乳期长度 (FLL),峰值产量 (FPY),服务期 (FSP),分娩间隔 (FCI) 和干燥期 (FDP).
- 使用统计方法估计每个特征的遗传和表型趋势.
主要成果:
- 在所有生产特征 (FLMY,305FLMY,FLL,FPY) 中观察到显著的正面表型趋势.
- 对于FLMY和305FLMY发现了显著的积极遗传趋势.
- 干旱期 (FDP) 显示出显著的负面表型趋势,表明改善,而FSP和FCI没有显著的趋势,表明生殖效率停滞不前.
结论:
- 虽然穆拉水牛在生产牛奶方面表现出遗传进步,但生殖特征需要集中注意.
- 育种策略应旨在平衡遗传性生产力增长与维持或改善生殖表现.
- 对影响高产水牛繁殖效率的因素进行进一步的研究是有必要的.
更多相关视频
07:46Author Spotlight: Improving Beef Cattle Nutrition and Production with a Focus on Feed Efficiency and Meat Quality Traits Through Advanced Biochemical and Molecular Assays
Published on: July 12, 2024
480
09:26Transabdominal Ultrasound for Pregnancy Diagnosis in Reeves' Muntjac Deer
Published on: January 7, 2014
10.3K
相关概念视频
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
6.5K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.5K
Limits to Natural Selection
31.2K
Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.
31.2K
Mate Choice
8.0K
Mate choice—the decision about whom to mate with—is a type of natural selection, since animals must reproduce to pass down their genes. Mate choice is also called intersexual selection because the behavior occurs between the sexes.
8.0K
Epistasis
46.5K
In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
46.5K
Types of Selection
40.3K
Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
40.3K
What is Population Genetics?
57.8K
A population is composed of members of the same species that simultaneously live and interact in the same area. When individuals in a population breed, they pass down their genes to their offspring. Many of these genes are polymorphic, meaning that they occur in multiple variants. Such variations of a gene are referred to as alleles. The collective set of all the alleles within a population is known as the gene pool.
57.8K
