在荷兰一家马类转诊诊所爆发了耐甲基西林黄金葡萄球菌 (Staphylococcus aureus) 疫情
Marleen M Kannekens-Jager1, Birgitta Duim1, Linda van der Graaf-van Bloois1
1Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Journal of medical microbiology
|August 29, 2024
概括
用全基因组测序来研究马匹的甲素耐药黄金葡萄球菌 (MRSA) 爆发. 确定了两种MRSA菌株,ST398和ST612,其中ST612显示出临床传播的证据和独特的遗传特征.
科学领域:
- 兽医微生物学 兽医微生物学
- 基因组流行病学 基因组流行病学
- 抗微生物耐药性 抗微生物耐药性
背景情况:
- 甲素耐药黄金葡萄球菌 (MRSA) 在人类和动物卫生保健环境中构成重大威胁.
- 报道称,马体中MRSA引起的手术部位感染 (SSI),需要对传播动态进行调查.
- 了解MRSA分离物的遗传相关性对于在兽医诊所实施有效的控制措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查马匹MRSA分离的遗传关系,员工和环境在马匹转诊诊所.
- 确定涉及2020年和2022年疑似爆发的特定MRSA菌株.
- 描述不同MRSA序列类型的毒性因子和抗菌素耐药性概况.
主要方法:
- 使用纳米孔全基因组测序对16个MRSA分离物 (9匹马,3个环境,4名工作人员) 的回顾性分析.
- 遗传学分析以确定分离物的相关性,并确定潜在的传播集群.
- 毒性基因和等离子体的分子特征.
- 现型抗微生物敏感性测试.
主要成果:
- MRSA分离物属于两个序列类型:ST398和ST612.
- ST398分离物形成了三个不同的基因组群,这表明可能发生在诊所内的传播事件.
- 在2022年检测到的ST612分离体显示出非常低的单核酸多态 (SNP) 距离 (<7个SNP),表明最近在临床上传播.
- 与ST398分离物相比,ST612分离物具有更高的毒性基因和质粒.
- 表型抗微生物敏感性测试结果与遗传发现相关.
结论:
- 马类转诊诊所内MRSA ST612传播的证据在2022年被确定.
- 在欧洲以前没有报告过的ST612克隆,但在非洲医院占主导地位,并在澳大利亚马匹中发现,突显了全球监测的重要性.
- 基因组流行病学对于了解和控制兽医环境中MRSA传播至关重要.
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