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相关概念视频

Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

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The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
50.1K
M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis

5.5K
Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
5.5K
Positive Regulator Molecules02:39

Positive Regulator Molecules

5.4K
Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
5.4K
Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

Anaphase Promoting Complex

2.8K
The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
2.8K
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

13.1K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
13.1K
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

7.2K
It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay
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Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay

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一个受酸化控制的开关赋予细胞循环依赖的蛋白质重新定位.

Xiaofu Cao1,2, Shiying Huang1,2, Mateusz M Wagner2,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.

Nature cell biology
|August 29, 2024
PubMed
概括

研究人员使用PLEKHA5衍生模块开发了一种新的线粒分裂特异性蛋白质招募系统. 这种工具可以在没有外部触发因素的情况下在细胞分裂过程中精确地定位蛋白质,有助于研究线粒分裂.

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Monitoring Kinase and Phosphatase Activities Through the Cell Cycle by Ratiometric FRET
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Monitoring Kinase and Phosphatase Activities Through the Cell Cycle by Ratiometric FRET

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Studying Cell Cycle-regulated Gene Expression by Two Complementary Cell Synchronization Protocols
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12:26

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Monitoring Kinase and Phosphatase Activities Through the Cell Cycle by Ratiometric FRET
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科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 蛋白质局部化研究对于理解细胞功能至关重要.
  • 操纵蛋白质局部化的现有工具通常依赖于外源触发器,这些触发器可以扰乱敏感的细胞过程,如线粒分裂.
  • 分解是一种复杂的,高度调节的过程,对外部刺激敏感.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种新的系统,用于在等离子体膜中招募神经分裂特异性蛋白质.
  • 为了克服外源触发器在研究线粒分裂的局限性.
  • 为了使细胞分裂过程中蛋白质功能的精确的时空操纵.

主要方法:

  • 利用了受酸化控制的适配蛋白PLEKHA5.5的细胞周期依赖的局部化.
  • 设计了一个15kDa的模块,它是从PLEKHA5衍生出来的,用于蛋白质招募.
  • 利用直接融合或GFP-GFP纳米体相互作用用于货物招募.
  • 开发了一种能够进行线粒分裂的离/招募系统.

主要成果:

  • 成功开发了一种用于线粒分裂特异性蛋白质招募到等离子体膜的系统.
  • 该系统不需要外源刺激,避免干扰细胞生理学.
  • 已证明的应用包括"侧向敲击"在线粒分裂过程中去除蛋白质和条件招募酶以改变脂质含量.

结论:

  • 启用线粒分裂的离/招募系统为研究线粒分裂提供了一个强大的,非扰乱的工具.
  • 该系统允许精确的时间控制细胞分裂期间的蛋白质功能.
  • 促进了对神经分裂特异性蛋白质功能和细胞过程的研究,而没有外源干扰.