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Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
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天体细胞细胞外基质调节神经元树突发育的过程.

Joel G Hashimoto1,2, Nicholas Margolies1,2, Xiaolu Zhang1,2

  • 1Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

发育中的星细胞向神经元发出信号,调节树突发育. 乙醇暴露会改变天体细胞基因翻译,影响胆素硫酸盐蛋白质糖和神经元分支.

关键词:
星球细胞转化体胎儿酒精频谱障碍 (FASD) 是一个疾病.宏德罗硫酸盐糖氨酸甘油 (CS-GAGs) 是一种树突的发展 树突的发展乙醇乙醇是一种在海马体内,海马体

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 发展生物学 发展生物学
  • 天星细胞生物学 天星细胞生物学

背景情况:

  • 海马的发育涉及快速的树枝状树木化和天体细胞成熟.
  • 星细胞-神经元信号传递对于调节神经元发育至关重要.
  • 丁硫酸盐糖氨酸甘油 (CS-GAGs) 是已知的抑制神经元发育的细胞外基因组件.

研究的目的:

  • 调查天体细胞衍生信号在调节神经元树突发育中的作用.
  • 确定乙醇暴露如何影响天体细胞基因表达及其对神经元发育的影响.
  • 探索神经发育过程中星球细胞中氏丁硫酸盐蛋白甘油 (CSPG) 生物合成酶的功能.

主要方法:

  • 在小鼠中,新生儿暴露于乙醇会改变神经元发育.
  • 翻译核糖体亲和力净化序列 (TRAP-seq) 用于分析天体细胞翻译体.
  • 液体染色学/质谱学 (LC/MS) 用于量化CS-GAG水平.
  • 使用天体细胞条件介质进行体外研究,以评估对神经元分支的影响.

主要成果:

  • 乙醇暴露增加了海马体金字塔神经元中的树突树木化.
  • 乙醇抑制了编码CS-GAG生物合成酶的天体细胞基因Chpf2和Chsy1的翻译.
  • 减少的Chpf2和Chsy1转化与降低的CS-GAG水平相关.
  • 沉默Chpf2在星球细胞导致增加神经元分支在海马神经元在体外.

结论:

  • 由Chpf2和Chsy1酶调节的天体细胞衍生CS-GAG在调节发育神经元的树状树木化方面发挥着重要作用.
  • 乙醇暴露会通过抑制CS-GAG合成来破坏这个神经细胞-神经元通信通路.
  • 这些发现突出了一个新的机制,通过它天体细胞影响神经元发育,并提供了关于乙醇神经发育影响的见解.