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相关概念视频

Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts
07:03

Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts

Published on: January 2, 2018

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一个核RNA降解代码用于真核转录组监控.

Lindsey V Soles, Liang Liu, Xudong Zou

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
    |August 30, 2024
    PubMed
    概括
    此摘要是机器生成的。

    科学家们发现了一种新的"核RNA降解代码" (NRDC),该代码针对有缺陷的RNA进行破坏. 该代码涉及拼接部位和多元A结,有助于防止RNA处理中与疾病相关的错误.

    更多相关视频

    Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
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    相关实验视频

    Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

    Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts
    07:03

    Determining Genome-wide Transcript Decay Rates in Proliferating and Quiescent Human Fibroblasts

    Published on: January 2, 2018

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    Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
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    Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

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    Monitoring Protein-RNA Interaction Dynamics In Vivo at High Temporal Resolution Using &#967;CRAC
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    科学领域:

    • 分子生物学分子生物学
    • 在RNA生物学,RNA生物学.
    • 基因规则 基因规则

    背景情况:

    • RNA外基因组在真核生物中对降解RNA至关重要,但其目标识别机制尚未完全理解.
    • PAXT适配蛋白将RNA外体与核中的多基基化RNA连接起来,特别是那些具有内部多基化信号的RNA.

    研究的目的:

    • 阐明PAXT介导核RNA降解中涉及的特定序列要求和分子参与者.
    • 识别和描述一种新的RNA降解代码,该代码控制着对异常转录的识别.

    主要方法:

    • 研究了5'拼接部位和多A结在招募PAXT和RNA外体中的作用.
    • 利用生物化学分析和RNA结合蛋白分析来了解相互作用网络.
    • 研究了与疾病相关的遗传变异对这种降解途径的影响.

    主要成果:

    • 通过PAXT介导的RNA降解需要5'拼接点和多A结的联合存在,而不是单独的序列.
    • U1 snRNP和裂变/多化因子协同结合这些序列并招募PAXT.
    • 这种5'拼接部位-多 (A) 连接组合作为核RNA降解码 (NRDC) 起作用.
    • 与疾病相关的SNP在3' UTR中创建5'拼接位,通过NRDC机制触发异常mRNA降解.

    结论:

    • 确定了第一个核RNA降解码 (NRDC) 和其识别机制.
    • 证明NRDC向含有5'拼接位和多A结的特定组合的RNA.
    • 确定了NRDC途径在与异常RNA处理相关的人类疾病中的作用.