过早分娩的呼吸系统后果:从婴儿到成年
Christopher W Course1, Ella A Kotecha1, Kate Course1
1Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005)
|August 30, 2024
概括
极度早产婴儿的生存率正在改善. 然而,支气管肺功能障碍 (早产的慢性肺病) 和长期的呼吸系统问题,如肺功能减弱和COPD风险持续到成年.
科学领域:
- 新生儿科学 新生儿科学
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 极度早产婴儿 (怀孕不到28周) 的生存率改善是常见的.
- 支气管肺发育不良 (早产的慢性肺病) 仍然是一个显著的短期呼吸道并发症.
- 越来越多的早产幸存者在成年后面临长期呼吸道疾病.
研究的目的:
- 审查支气管肺功能障碍症的背景,预防和治疗.
- 检查关于早产幸存者的长期呼吸结果的新兴文献.
- 为所有参与早产婴儿护理的医疗保健专业人员强调了解呼吸系统后果的重要性日益增加.
主要方法:
- 新生儿呼吸道并发症的文献综述.
- 对目前关于预防和治疗支气管肺功能障碍的证据的分析.
- 综合关于早产幸存者的长期呼吸道疾病的新兴研究.
主要成果:
- 支气管肺形是新生儿呼吸系统的一个关键结果.
- 过早幸存者在成年早期经历了肺功能下降和COPD风险增加.
- 在日益增长的人口中,人们越来越认识到长期的呼吸系统后果.
结论:
- 了解早产对呼吸系统的影响对于新生儿科医生,儿科医生和成人护理医生至关重要.
- 早期肺部发育不成熟导致了重要的终身呼吸挑战.
- 对于早产后的幸存者,他们一生都需要全面的护理策略.
相关概念视频
01:05Breathing
58.9K
The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
58.9K
01:17Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation
1.5K
In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
1.5K
01:17Other Pulmonary Disorders
807
Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
807
01:19Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications
1.0K
Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
1.0K
01:23Acute Respiratory Failure-IV
131
Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
131
01:21Acute Respiratory Failure-II
186
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
186