相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 14, 2025
08:57
Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
Published on: August 14, 2018
15.8K
现象图和克拉多图如何成为分子遗传树
1Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. nina.kranke@nature.uni-freiburg.de.
Journal of the history of biology
|August 30, 2024
概括
生物学中的树图已经超越了理论上的冲突. 分子遗传学整合了克拉迪斯蒂克和遗传学,展示了代表性实践塑造了科学变革.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 科学的历史和哲学.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 树图是生物分类和植物遗传学的核心.
- "系统主义战争" (1960年代-1980年代) 专注于理论冲突,经常忽视代表性实践.
研究的目的:
- 通过分析代表性实践,为系统主义战争提供另一种观点.
- 重新评估分子遗传学的起源及其与系统学的关系.
主要方法:
- 数字分类学家和分类学家使用的树图 (表图和表图) 的案例研究分析.
- 关于植物遗传学科学变化的历史分析.
主要成果:
- 分子遗传学是独立于系统学的,结合了克拉迪斯蒂克和遗传学的元素.
- 分子遗传学的定量性质促进了体和体实践的整合.
- 现象图和克拉多图,曾经是不同的,现在都用于代表分子遗传学中的进化关系.
结论:
- 遗传学中的科学变化比冲突叙述的建议要复杂得多.
- 像树图一样,表示实践在不同的理论框架内是多功能和适应性的.
- 遗传学可视化的演变反映了从理论争议转向综合定量方法的转变.
相关概念视频
02:54Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
03:21Phylogenetic Trees
45.3K
Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
45.3K
01:23Phylogeny
43.7K
Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
43.7K
02:05Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.1K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.1K
02:40The Tree of Life - Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryotes
32.2K
The “tree of life” describes the evolution of life and the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The root of the tree is the common ancestor to all life on Earth. All other species radiate from this point, much like the branches of a tree. The numerous tips of these branches on the tree of life represent every living, or extant, species. Extinct species, which are species that no longer exist, can be found towards the center of the tree. Currently, these organisms, both...
32.2K
02:31Synteny and Evolution
3.2K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.2K