十二个月避孕药供应政策和医疗补助计划的避孕药分配
Maria I Rodriguez1, Thomas H A Meath2, Ashley Daly2
1Center for Reproductive Health Equity, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland.
JAMA health forum
|August 30, 2024
概括
要求12个月供应荷尔蒙避孕药的州法律导致接受更长时间避孕药供应的患者数量略有增加. 这一政策变化对12个月或更长时间内分发的避孕药的比例的影响最小.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
背景情况:
- 十九个州通过立法,要求为12个月的短效荷尔蒙避孕药提供保险.
- 以前的政策往往将避孕药供应限制在更短的时间内,这可能会影响遵守和获取.
研究的目的:
- 评估12个月的避孕药供应政策与12个月或更长时间的避孕药供应的吸收之间的关联.
- 分析州级立法对避孕药发行模式的影响.
主要方法:
- 追溯队列研究分析了从2016年至2020年使用短效荷尔蒙避孕药 (药丸,贴片,戒指) 的18至44岁的女性注册医疗补助数据.
- 11个州的12个月供应立法与25个没有此类政策的州进行比较.
- 使用分级差异模型来评估政策对12个月或更长时间内分配的避孕药的比例的影响.
主要成果:
- 这项研究分析了近480万名女性医疗补助计划的近480万个月的发放避孕药.
- 12个月供应政策与12个月或更长时间供应的避孕药的比例增加了4.39个百分点.
- 加利福尼亚州显著增加了7.17个百分点,而其他州的增加不到1个百分点.
结论:
- 实施12个月的避孕药供应政策与较长时间内分发的避孕药比例的适度增加有关.
- 虽然总体上升幅度很小,但各州的变化,如加利福尼亚州,表明潜在的影响可能更大.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索障碍和促进者,以最大限度地发挥扩大避孕药供应政策的好处.
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