在高度接种疫苗的队列中,经过三角形或欧米克朗变异SARS-CoV-2感染后的自身免疫后续
Liang En Wee1,2,3, Jue Tao Lim1,4, An Ting Tay5
1National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore.
JAMA network open
|August 30, 2024
概括
COVID-19 感染,特别是 Omicron 变种,并没有显著增加长期自身免疫风险. 补充疫苗似乎可以减轻这些风险,除了炎症性肠道疾病和牛皮皮肤疾病的住院病例.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 研究表明,在SARS-CoV-2感染后,自身免疫连续症的风险增加.
- 较轻微的Omicron变种感染和强剂疫苗对这些风险的影响需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 评估在接种疫苗的成年人中感染SARS-CoV-2Delta或Omicron变种后出现新的自身免疫诊断的300天风险.
- 将这种风险与没有SARS-CoV-2感染的对照组进行比较.
主要方法:
- 一项在新加坡的队列研究涉及超过170万成年人,将SARS-CoV-2感染个体与对照组进行比较.
- 利用国家医疗保健索赔数据,在感染后31至300天内识别新的自身免疫诊断.
- 使用Cox比例危险回归与重叠权重来估计风险.
主要成果:
- 在Delta和Omicron变种队列中没有发现12种预规定的自身免疫后续的显著增加风险.
- 在住院的Omicron病例中观察到,炎症性肠道疾病和皮肤发疹疾病的风险略有增加.
- 补充疫苗接种与突破性感染中血管炎的风险没有增加有关.
结论:
- 在SARS-CoV-2三角体和Omicron感染后,长期自身免疫后续疾病的风险通常不高.
- 住院的Omicron病例显示,炎症性肠道疾病和牛皮性皮肤疾病的风险略有增加.
- 再接种疫苗似乎可以减轻与COVID-19相关的长期自身免疫风险.
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