在皮质位置的长非编码RNA控制蝶的自适应色彩
Luca Livraghi1,2, Joseph J Hanly1,3,4, Elizabeth Evans5
1Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052.
概括
一种新发现的长非编码RNA,名为象牙,作为蝶翅膀颜色的主开关. 这种基因控制着色素模式,推动了翅膀色彩的适应性进化.
科学领域:
- 进化发育生物学 进化发育生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 动物颜色动物的颜色.
背景情况:
- 类 (蝶和) 的翅膀颜色是通过密码和模仿研究适应的一个关键领域.
- 皮质位置是一个已知的基因组热点,用于翅膀模式多样化,但它的功能仍然不清楚.
- 由于难以获得蛋白质编码淘汰,对皮质位点的功能验证一直是具有挑战性的.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究皮质位置在蝶翅膀色彩中的功能作用.
- 为了确定在这个位置负责色彩模式演变的特定遗传元素.
- 为了确定皮质局部的蛋白质编码基因或非编码RNA是否调节色素.
主要方法:
- 为了研究基因功能,CRISPR马赛克淘汰在五种形蝶物种中产生.
- 对Vanessa cardui生殖系突变的基因定型进行,以确定特定的突变.
- 进行了幼发育期间长非编码RNA (lncRNA) 表达模式的分析.
主要成果:
- 一个名为象牙的lncRNA从皮质位置转录,被确定为翅膀颜色模式的关键调节者.
- 象牙的表达在黑色情绪模式的发展之前,这表明它在尺度身份规范中的早期作用.
- 象牙的突变导致黑暗的变为浅色或白色的.
- 邻近皮层基因的生殖系突变没有显示翅膀表型,排除它在颜色模式中的作用.
- 象牙的突变与其保存的第一个外基因的删除有关.
结论:
- lncRNA象牙作为主开关来指定蝶翅膀的颜色图案.
- 象牙在蝶翅膀模式的适应性多样化中起着至关重要的作用.
- 像象牙一样,非编码RNA可以作为复杂的适应性特征的关键调节者.
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