确定运动和认知干预参数以优化轻度认知障碍和痴呆症的老年人执行功能:随机对照试验的系统审查和元分析
Wenxin Chen1, Jessie Leuk Siew-Pin2, Yuhang Wu3
1Physical Education College, Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Hubei, China.
概括
身体炼显著提高了轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 或痴呆症的老年人执行功能. 双重任务和中等强度的炼显示出最大的益处,强调了量身定制的炼处方的重要性.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 众所周知,体育炼有利于大脑健康和执行功能.
- 患有轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 或痴呆症的老年人经常经历执行功能下降.
- 这种人群的最佳运动参数需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析最佳的运动类型,强度和持续时间,以改善MCI或痴呆症老年人的认知功能.
- 确定特定的练习干预措施,从而在执行职能方面取得最显著的改善.
主要方法:
- 对Scopus,Web of Science和PubMed进行了全面的系统搜索,一直持续到2023年12月.
- 包括的研究被评估为方法质量 (PEDro尺度) 和出版偏差 (Egger的回归测试).
- 进行了元分析和元回归来评估各种运动类型,强度和持续时间对执行功能的影响.
主要成果:
- 35项涉及15087篇文章的研究符合纳入标准,证明了高方法质量 (PEDro分数 = 8).
- 所有运动类型 (SMD = 0.691) 和强度 (SMD = 0.694) 都显著改善了执行功能.
- 双任务练习 (SMD = 1.136) 和中等强度练习 (SMD = 0.876) 显示出最显著的效果.
- 在运动持续时间和认知效益之间没有发现显著的相关性 (R2 = 0.038).
结论:
- 运动在增强MCI或痴呆症的老年人执行功能方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 定制运动类型 (特别是双重任务) 和强度 (中等) 对于优化认知结果至关重要.
- 个性化的运动处方对于改善这一弱势群体的大脑健康至关重要.
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