在阿拉伯半岛的水文气象干旱的时空空间变化以及相关机制
Md Saquib Saharwardi1,2, Hari Prasad Dasari1,2, Harikishan Gandham1,2
1Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Scientific reports
|August 31, 2024
概括
阿拉伯半岛的干旱正在加剧,过去二十年的干旱趋势正在加速. 这与阴影活动减少和高压增加有关,影响夏季和冬季季节.
科学领域:
- 气候学 气候学 气候学
- 大气科学 大气科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 干旱对阿拉伯半岛 (AP) 构成重大风险.
- 了解干旱的时空变化对于区域水资源管理至关重要.
- 之前的研究已经强调了AP对气候变化的脆弱性.
研究的目的:
- 调查1951年至2020年在AP上的干旱的时空模式.
- 识别不同的干旱地区及其时间演变.
- 分析季节性干旱变化的物理驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 使用CRU和ERA5数据集计算标准化降水蒸发转化指数 (SPEI).
- 应用旋转实证直角函数 (REOF) 分析来确定干旱地区.
- 统计分析以确定趋势和相关的大气条件.
主要成果:
- 在整个AP地区确定了四个同质的干旱地区.
- 在所有次区域都观察到显著的干旱趋势,过去二十年来干旱的强度和频率加快.
- 夏季干旱主要是由潜在的蒸发和高压系统驱动的,而冬季干旱与降水量减少和亚热带喷气体减弱有关.
结论:
- 阿拉伯半岛正在经历干旱严重程度和频率的显著增加.
- 大气循环的变化,包括 synoptic 活动减少和高压增加,是关键的驱动因素.
- 干旱驱动因素的季节性变化需要针对水资源管理量身定制的适应策略.
相关概念视频
Precipitation Processes
434
The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
434
Responses to Drought and Flooding
10.6K
Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
10.6K
Precipitation and Co-precipitation
1.7K
Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
1.7K
What is Weather?
18.2K
Overview
18.2K
Precipitation Gravimetry
5.5K
Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
5.5K
Global Climate Change
24.3K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.3K


