改善快速洪水影响评估:一种增强的多传感器方法,包括基于Sentinel-2数据的新洪水绘图方法
Fabio Cian1, José Manuel Delgado Blasco1, Clara Ivanescu1
1The World Bank Group, Washington, DC, 20433, USA.
Journal of environmental management
|September 1, 2024
概括
本研究引入了一种增强的卫星多传感器方法,用于快速绘制洪水地图和影响评估. 该方法提高了准确性,为灾害风险管理提供了更可靠的数据,优于单传感器方法.
科学领域:
- 遥感和地理空间分析
- 灾害风险管理 灾害风险管理
- 环境监测 环境监测
背景情况:
- 准确的洪水地图对于有效的灾害风险管理至关重要,包括应急响应和恢复计划.
- 现有的快速洪水影响评估方法需要完整和精确的洪水绘图,以获得可靠的信息.
- 需要改进的方法来加强洪水危险的表征.
研究的目的:
- 开发和展示一种新的,增强的卫星多传感器方法,用于快速绘制洪水地图.
- 提高洪水地图的准确性和完整性,以更好地管理灾害风险.
- 通过使用多源卫星数据,评估洪水对建筑物,道路和耕地的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用了一种新的多时间修改的规范化差异水指数 (MNDWI) 来自Sentinel-2时间序列数据.
- 在多时间统计数据上使用值技术来划分临时被洪水淹没的区域,以准确地绘制洪水地图.
- 在基于云的环境 (谷歌地球引擎) 中整合了Sentinel-1,Sentinel-2和PlanetScope卫星图像,以快速处理.
主要成果:
- 多传感器方法提供了更全面的洪水影响评估,估计2020年南苏丹洪水造成的损失为5740万美元.
- 这种多传感器估计明显高于仅使用Sentinel-1 (24%) 或Sentinel-2 (78%) 数据的评估.
- 该方法在计算上被证明是轻便和强大的,使得大面积的洪水地图能够快速导出.
结论:
- 多源卫星数据集成对于提高洪水绘图准确性和完整性是非常有效的.
- 与单个传感器方法相比,增强方法提供了优越的洪水影响评估.
- 这种方法通过提供更好的应对,恢复和重建计划,显著提高了灾害风险管理.
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