5-12岁儿童新发的语言能力
Åsa Nordberg1,2, Carmela Miniscalco2,3,4, Fritjof Norrelgen3,5,6
1Institute of neuroscience and physiology, Department of health and rehabilitation, Speech-Pathology unit, Sahlgrenska academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Logopedics, phoniatrics, vocology
|September 1, 2024
概括
患有新发性的儿童往往有语言障碍或困难. 早期的语言评估对于为这些儿童提供及时的支持和干预至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科神经学 儿科神经学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床语言学 临床语言学
背景情况:
- 儿童可以影响儿童发展的各个方面.
- 语言能力对于儿童的学业和社会成功至关重要.
- 新发性为评估相关发育挑战提供了一个独特的窗口.
研究的目的:
- 调查和描述5-12岁儿童的语言能力,诊断出新发性.
- 在这个特定的儿科群体中确定语言障碍和语言困难的患病率.
- 根据标准化评估和临床标准,区分正常语言能力,语言困难和语言障碍.
主要方法:
- 招募了21名患有新发的儿童.
- 使用临床语言基础评估,第四版 (CELF-4) 和语言流性和语音学的额外测试来评估语言技能.
- 收集了护理人员关于言语,语言和沟通的报告,以及临床观察和ICD-10诊断标准.
主要成果:
- 71.5%的儿童表现出语言能力受损,47.5%被诊断为语言障碍 (ICD-10) 和24%有语言困难.
- 障碍影响了接受性语言,语言记忆和语义处理.
- 剩下的28.5%的儿童表现出平均的语言能力.
结论:
- 在患有新发的儿童中,语言障碍和语言困难的过度代表性存在.
- 对于患有新发性的儿童,建议进行例行,具体的语言评估.
- 早期识别和干预对于支持这一群体的语言发展至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:24Arteries of the Lower Limbs
181
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
181
01:13Seizures: Classification
309
Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
309
01:27Language and Cognition
338
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
338
01:22Language Development
329
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
329
01:25Learning Disabilities
92
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
92
01:14Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists
300
Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
300