在儿童中风后驱动言语和语言恢复的神经机制:范围审查
Christine C Muscat1,2,3, Sarah A McCabe1, Angela T Morgan4,5,6
1Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Disability and rehabilitation
|September 1, 2024
概括
在童年中风后,关于言语和语言恢复的研究是有限的. 未来的研究需要全面的评估和功能神经成像,以了解康复期间的神经恢复.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 儿科神经学 儿科神经学
- 语音语言病理学 语言病理学
背景情况:
- 儿童中风会对言语和语言发育产生重大影响.
- 了解恢复的神经基础对于有效的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查儿童中风后言语和语言恢复的神经相关的现有研究.
- 确定未来研究的研究重点.
主要方法:
- 对Medline,Embase,PsycInfo和临床数据库进行范围审查.
- 包括专注于神经成像,言语或语言结果的研究在中风后 (28天至18岁) 的儿童中.
- 提取了评估方法和神经成像发现的数据.
主要成果:
- 在3990项选中,有11项研究符合纳入标准.
- 没有研究正式评估语音结果.
- 所有11项研究都报告了语言结果,11项使用结构成像 (CT,MRI);4项使用功能神经成像 (fMRI).
结论:
- 目前关于童年中风后言语和语言恢复的证据是基本的.
- 未来的研究需要在康复期间进行全面的评估和功能神经成像.
- 更好的理解将为受影响儿童的护理,教育和就业规划提供信息.
相关概念视频
01:10Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
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Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
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01:27Language and Cognition
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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01:22Language Development
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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
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01:15Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
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01:28Lateralization
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Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
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