遗传和环境因素影响着山羊奶寡糖化合物的组成
R Gonzalez-Prendes1, R P M A Crooijmans2, B Dibbits2
1Ausnutria BV, 8025 BM, Zwolle, the Netherlands; Animal Breeding and Genomics Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Journal of dairy science
|September 1, 2024
概括
羊奶寡糖 (gMOS) 受遗传学和农场因素的影响,而不仅仅是环境因素. 了解这些因素是优化婴儿配方奶粉gMOS的关键.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 牛奶寡糖 (OS) 对婴儿健康至关重要,影响肠道微生物群,大脑发育和免疫力.
- 羊奶是多种OS的天然来源,使其成为婴儿配方奶粉开发的宝贵组成部分.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究山羊奶寡糖的含量 (gMOS) 在一个大群的奶山羊.
- 确定影响gMOS组成和变异性的遗传和环境因素.
主要方法:
- 分析了18个农场大约1000只乳山羊的牛奶中的gMOS含量.
- 利用基因关系矩阵来评估遗传和环境影响.
- 量化特定的gMOS,包括3'-N-甘醇-新uraminyl-乳糖 (NGL) 和3-fucosyllactose (FL).
主要成果:
- 观察到gMOS含量的显著变化,主要归因于遗传差异.
- 针对特定的gMOS的遗传概率估计在31% (3'-银糖糖糖) 到85% (3-糖糖糖) 之间.
- 农场差异占某些gMOS (6'-sialyllactose) 的变化高达45%,而哺乳期的影响很小.
结论:
- 遗传学在确定山羊奶中的gMOS成分方面发挥着关键作用.
- 农场管理实践,如料,也影响了gMOS含量,尽管影响程度低于遗传学.
- 研究结果支持山羊奶作为婴儿配方奶粉中有益成分的潜力,有机会进行遗传选择和优化农场管理.
相关概念视频
Oligosaccharide Assembly
2.8K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
2.8K
Proteoglycans
3.9K
Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
3.9K
Protein Glycosylation
6.8K
Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
Glycosylation occurs in...
Glycosylation occurs in...
6.8K
Anatomy of the Intestines
71.6K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
71.6K
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
6.5K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.5K


