受邀审查:对当前牛的矿物质需求系统的局限性以及潜在的改进
1Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691.
Journal of dairy science
|September 1, 2024
概括
目前用于畜牧业的矿物需求系统,通常使用因数法,面临着吸收系数数据准确性的挑战. 这导致过度养,成本增加和环境问题,需要更精确的估计模型来获得最佳的动物营养.
科学领域:
- 动物营养 动物营养
- 动物生理学 动物生理学
- 营养物质的新陈代谢
背景情况:
- 国家科学,工程和医学院 (NASEM) 的矿物质建议对于畜牧养殖配给制定至关重要.
- 计算维护,哺乳,孕期和生长需求的因数法被广泛使用,但有局限性.
- 数据缺口和吸收系数 (AC) 的不准确性阻碍了精确的矿物质需求估计,特别是微量矿物质.
研究的目的:
- 评估当前用于估计牲畜矿物需求的因数方法的局限性.
- 要突出确定各种矿物精确吸收系数 (AC) 的挑战.
- 倡导改进的模型,以考虑矿物相互作用和超营养益处.
主要方法:
- 分析NASEM乳牛和肉牛矿物需求系统中使用的因数方法.
- 检查吸收系数 (AC) 对饮食中矿物质总需求的影响.
- 审查数据的可用性和准确性,以估计交流和维护需求.
主要成果:
- 因数法对Ca和P是有效的,这是由于现有的数据和过度养缺乏益处.
- 估计其他矿物质的交流和维护需求是困难的,导致不准确.
- 关于微量矿物质吸收和对抗作用的有限数据 (例如,S对Cu,Mn,Se,Zn) 阻止了准确的AC方程的开发.
结论:
- 目前的矿物需求系统可以防止缺陷,但由于不确定性导致过度制定.
- 过度食矿物质会增加成本,导致潜在的对抗性,并提高便的分泌量.
- 开发更准确的矿物需求系统对于优化动物表现,健康,成本效益和环境可持续性至关重要.
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