在澳大利亚的南亚移民中,慢性疾病及其行为风险因素

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Mehwish Nisar¹, Tracy Kolbe-Alexander², Asaduzzaman Khan¹

¹School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.

Australian health review : a publication of the Australian Hospital Association

|September 1, 2024

概括

澳大利亚一半的南亚移民患有慢性疾病,与年龄,酒精摄入量和低蔬菜消费量相关的风险更高. 公共卫生工作应针对这些因素来减少疾病负担.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
流行病学流行病学
移民健康移民健康

背景情况:

慢性疾病对健康构成重大挑战,由于不同的风险因素,不同族群的患病率因不同风险因素而有所不同.
澳大利亚的南亚人口正在快速增长,需要了解他们关于慢性疾病的具体健康状况.

研究的目的:

调查在澳大利亚的南亚移民社区中诊断出慢性病的患病率.
确定与该人口中慢性疾病发展相关的生活方式和人口因素.

主要方法:

在2020-2021年期间,在澳大利亚的南亚移民中进行了一项在线调查.
收集的数据包括诊断的慢性疾病,生活方式因素 (吸烟,体力活动,饮酒),体重指数和饮食习惯.
使用多变量逻辑回归分析来确定慢性疾病的相关性.

主要成果:

50%的参与者报告至少有一种慢性疾病,39%有多种疾病.
最常见的慢性疾病是背痛 (30%),抑郁症 (22%),糖尿病 (21%),高血压 (19%) 和心脏病 (12%).
患有两种或多种慢性疾病的更高几率与50岁以上 (OR=4.38),每月多喝酒 (OR=3.25) 和每天少吃一份蔬菜 (OR=2.94) 相关.

结论:

存在很大的健康负担,50%的南亚移民患有可预防的慢性疾病.
专注于减少酒精消费和增加水果和蔬菜摄入量的干预措施至关重要.
建议将这些干预措施针对老年人,以减轻医疗保健系统的整体负担.

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