液体活检:为癌症研究铺平了一条新的道路
Keerthi Kurma1,2,3, Zahra Eslami-S1,2,3, Catherine Alix-Panabières1,2,3
1Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Cell adhesion & migration
|September 2, 2024
概括
液体活检为传统的癌症诊断提供了一个不那么侵入性的替代方案. 这种方法分析体液中的生物标志物,用于早期检测,预后和治疗监测.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 传统的癌症诊断和分子分析依赖于诸如组织活检和临床成像等侵袭性方法.
- 这些侵入性手术在可访问性和患者舒适性方面存在局限性和挑战.
- 缺乏侵入性的诊断工具的需求推动了液体活检领域的发展.
研究的目的:
- 审查处理液体活检生物源的各种技术和方法.
- 探索液体活检在癌症治疗中的主要临床应用.
- 突出液体活检在癌症早期检测,预后和治疗监测方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 从体液中提取循环瘤细胞 (CTC).
- 分离循环的自由或瘤DNA (cfDNA或ctDNA) 和循环的无细胞RNA (cfRNA).
- 细胞外囊泡 (EV) 和瘤形成血小板 (TEP) 的表征.
- 提取生物资源的分子分析,以识别癌症生物标志物.
主要成果:
- 液体活检生物源 (CTCs,cfDNA/ctDNA,cfRNA,EVs,TEPs) 反映了原发瘤的特征.
- 对于这些生物资源的加工和分子表征,有各种技术可用.
- 这些生物资源是瘤学中各种临床应用的关键生物标志物.
结论:
- 液体活检代表了癌症诊断和分子分析的重大进步.
- 审查的技术使液体活检组件的综合分析为临床实用性.
- 液体活检具有巨大的潜力,可以通过早期检测和个性化治疗策略来改善患者的治疗结果.
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