在卵细胞质量和功能中的信号及其应用
Chen Chen1, Zefan Huang1, Shijue Dong1
1Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
Frontiers in endocrinology
|September 2, 2024
概括
(Ca2+) 信号传递对卵细胞成熟,受精和生殖健康至关重要. 对Ca2+的调节失调可能导致不孕,这凸显了对其在女性生殖中的作用进行进一步研究的需要.
科学领域:
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 细胞信号传递 细胞信号传递
- 生物化学 生化学
背景情况:
- 细胞内离子 (Ca2+) 在众多细胞通路中充当重要的第二信使.
- 包括振荡在内的Ca2+信号传递对卵细胞成熟,受精和粒粉/积分细胞功能至关重要.
- 异常的Ca2+信号传递可能会损害关键的生殖事件,如极体释放和介质分裂.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查最近在女性生殖系统中信号传递方面的进展.
- 探索Ca2+在卵细胞成熟,受精和粒粉细胞功能中的作用.
- 确定潜在的研究方向,以了解和解决Ca2+相关的不孕症.
主要方法:
- 对当前关于女性生殖过程中的信号传递研究的文献综述.
- 分析Ca2+在卵细胞激活,受精和相关细胞过程中的作用.
- 检查影响Ca2+恒温的临床影响和外源因素.
主要成果:
- 由脂酶PLCζ启动的振荡是卵细胞激活和受精的核心.
- 2+信号影响颗粒细胞和累积细胞的功能,影响卵细胞质量和受精成功.
- 由于各种因素导致的Ca2+恒温的破坏可以导致卵巢功能障碍和不孕症.
结论:
- 信号传递是女性生殖过程的关键调节者,从卵细胞成熟到受精.
- 了解Ca2+动态对于诊断和治疗受精失败和不孕症至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究,以充分阐明Ca2+在生殖中的复杂作用,并减轻相关的健康风险.
相关概念视频
01:27Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration
3.4K
Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
3.4K
02:07Oogenesis
63.5K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
63.5K
01:38Fertilization
70.9K
During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
70.9K
01:16Calmodulin-dependent Signaling
5.1K
Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
5.1K
01:30Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle
447
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
447
01:20Folliculogenesis
662
Folliculogenesis is the development of ovarian follicles, the specialized structures within the ovarian cortex where oogenesis, or egg development, occurs. This process is essential for female reproductive health and begins during fetal development when primordial follicles are formed. Each primordial follicle comprises a primary oocyte in the center, surrounded by a single layer of squamous pre-granulosa cells. These follicles remain dormant in late prophase I of meiosis until triggered by...
662