青春晚期和年轻成人时期的尼古丁使用与海马体积和记忆性能变化有关
Joseph P Happer1, Kelly E Courtney1, Rachel E Baca1
1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.
Frontiers in neuroscience
|September 2, 2024
概括
在年轻人中,尼古丁和烟草制品的使用与海马体积增加,但记忆力受损有关. 这表明发育中的大脑对尼古丁敏感,影响学习和记忆.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 青少年和年轻成年人使用尼古丁和烟草制品 (NTP),包括电子烟,在美国仍然很高.
- 电子烟使用与其他物质 (如大麻) 的问题使用风险增加有关.
- 没有充分了解NTP和共同使用物质对大脑健康,特别是海马和神经发育过程中的认知的影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究尼古丁和烟草制品 (NTP) 使用与青少年晚期和年轻成年人的海马体积之间的关系.
- 检查NTP使用如何影响这个年龄段的记忆表现.
- 探索大麻共同使用对这些关系的潜在影响.
主要方法:
- 结构性MRI扫描用于测量223名年龄在16-22岁之间的健康参与者的右和左海马体积.
- 记忆被评估使用NIH工具箱图片序列记忆测试 (PSMT) 和Rey听力语言学习测试 (RAVLT).
- 根据6个月的NTP使用频率,参与者被分为当前使用者 (CU),轻度/戒断使用者 (LU) 和从未使用者 (NU).
主要成果:
- 尼古丁和烟草制品 (NTP) 的使用与双边较大的海马体积有关;大麻使用没有显著影响.
- 在从未使用过的用户中,较大的左海马体积与PSMT和RAVLT上的记忆表现正相关.
- 在当前和轻度/戒酒的使用者中,观察到海马体积和记忆性能之间存在负面关系,这表明大脑行为关系发生了变化.
结论:
- 海马对尼古丁和烟草制品 (NTP) 暴露在青春晚期和年轻成人时期是敏感的.
- 使用NTP可能会改变典型的海马体结构和对学习和记忆过程至关重要的大脑行为关联.
- 这些发现突出了与年轻人吸毒有关的潜在神经发育风险.
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