表达SARS-CoV-2受体结合域蛋白的流感病毒菌株在K18-hACE2小鼠中赋予免疫力
Nathaniel A Rader1,2, Katherine S Lee1,2, Andrea N Loes3,4
1Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
Vaccine: X
|September 2, 2024
概括
一种经过修改的流感病毒,ΔNA(RBD),显示出作为一种对COVID-19的鼻内疫苗的希望. 这个平台产生了粘膜和全身免疫力,为季节性防治SARS-CoV-2变种提供了潜在的保护.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 由SARS-CoV-2引起的冠状病毒疾病 (COVID-19) 已成为流行病.
- 需要季节性COVID-19疫苗接种策略,类似于流感疫苗.
- 易于修改的疫苗平台对于应对不断演变的SARS-CoV-2变种至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估一种转基因流感病毒, ΔNA(RBD),作为COVID-19的鼻入疫苗候选者.
- 在小鼠模型中评估 ΔNA ((RBD) 对 SARS-CoV-2 德尔塔和奥米克朗变体的保护效果.
- 调查平台诱导粘膜和全身免疫的能力.
主要方法:
- 设计了一种流感病毒 (ΔNA(RBD)) 来表达SARS-CoV-2受体结合域 (RBD).
- 在K18-hACE2小鼠中使用致命的 (三角形) 和非致命的 (欧米克朗) SARS-CoV-2挑战模型测试了ΔNA(RBD).
- 对mRNA和类似病毒的粒子疫苗的有效性进行比较.
主要成果:
- 免疫接种诱导了高的抗RBDIgG和IgA水平.
- 经过Delta变种挑战后,观察到更好的生存率.
- 在Omicron挑战后,Omicron变异RBD表达转移了抗体反应,并减少了肺病毒负担.
结论:
- ΔNA (RBD) 平台是内鼻Covid-19疫苗接种的可行候选者.
- 这个平台可以产生膜和全身免疫力,对抗SARS-CoV-2.
- 它提供了一种可修改的方法,用于针对新兴变种的季节性疫苗开发.
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