可持续的 (-) - 安布罗克斯生产:化学与生物催化剂相遇
Eric Eichhorn1, Boris Schilling2, Agnes Bombrun3
1Givaudan Schweiz AG, Kemptpark 50, CH-8310 Kemptthal, Switzerland. eric.eichhorn@givaudan.com.
Chimia
|September 2, 2024
概括
一种新的可持续方法来生产 (-) -ambrox,一个关键的香料成分,使用 (E) -β-farnesene. 与传统合成相比,这种发酵衍生原料提供了更高的效率和更少的环境影响.
科学领域:
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 有机化学 有机化学
- 可持续制造 可持续制造 可持续制造
背景情况:
- (-) -Ambrox是一种重要的生物降解的香料成分,来自珀灰.
- 传统的生产涉及到化学修饰和循环的sclareol.
- 发酵为替代合成途径提供了一种新的原料, (E) -β-法纳.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个可持续的工业规模的生产方法 (-) -ambrox.
- 为了探索 (E) -β-farnesene作为 (-) -ambrox合成的前体的使用.
- 改进原子经济,减少 (-) -ambrox生产中的浪费.
主要方法:
- 化学转化 (E) -β-法内到 (E,E) -同法内.
- 使用工程化斯卡烯霍环酶的 (E,E) - 荷莫法内索的酶循环化.
- 新路线与传统的基于sclareol的合成相比较.
主要成果:
- 建立了一条新的,可持续的工业规模的 (-) - 木生产路线.
- 新路线展示了改进的原子和步骤经济.
- 与传统方法相比,观察到减少了废物,溶剂和能源消耗.
结论:
- 使用 (E) -β-法烯为 (-) - - 安布罗克斯合成提供了更绿色和更有效的途径.
- 这种创新方法支持香水行业的可持续实践.
- 工业规模的 (-) -ambrox生产是可以实现的,并带来了更大的环境效益.
相关概念视频
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
3.3K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.3K
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes
8.0K
In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
8.0K
Alkylation of β-Ketoester Enolates: Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis
3.3K
Acetoacetic ester synthesis is a method to obtain ketones from alkyl halides and β-keto esters. The reaction occurs in the presence of an alkoxide base that abstracts the acidic proton of the β-keto esters. The step results in an enolate ion which is doubly stabilized. The enolate then reacts with an alkyl halide via the SN2 process to produce an alkylated ester intermediate with a new C–C bond. The hydrolysis of the intermediate, followed by acidification, results in an...
3.3K
The Citric Acid Cycle: Overview
16.5K
In aerobic organisms, the citric acid cycle is the second stage of cellular respiration wherein molecules derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are oxidized into carbon dioxide and energy. This process is also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle as the first product of the cycle, citric acid, contains three carboxyl groups in its structure. Alternatively, this cycle is also referred to as the Krebs cycle, in honor of its discoverer Sir Hans Krebs.
The citric...
The citric...
16.5K
Fates of Pyruvate
8.4K
Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, where glucose is oxidized to pyruvate, simultaneously reducing NAD+ to NADH. Two molecules of ATP are also produced by substrate-level phosphorylation.
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
In aerobic organisms, pyruvate is metabolized via the citric acid cycle to produce reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These coenzymes are then oxidized in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and, in the process, regenerate the NAD+ and FAD. As seen in some cell types and organisms, fermentation...
8.4K
Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones: Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation
4.1K
Baeyer–Villiger oxidation converts aldehydes to carboxylic acids and ketones to esters. The reaction uses peroxy acids or peracids and is often catalyzed by acid. The reaction is named after its pioneers, Adolf von Baeyer and Victor Villiger. The reaction is achieved by a wide range of peracids such as m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA), perbenzoic acid (C6H5COOOH), peracetic acid (CH3COOOH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH).
The carbonyl center is...
The carbonyl center is...
4.1K


