情感性和非情感性精神病的认知子组在药物治疗和皮层-亚皮层大脑网络上表现出差异
Katharina M Bracher1, Afra Wohlschlaeger2, Kathrin Koch2
1Division of Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, LMU Munich, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
Scientific reports
|September 2, 2024
概括
这项研究在精神病患者中确定了不同的认知亚型,揭示了认知功能,大脑结构,症状和药物之间的联系. 认知查可能有助于个性化精神病治疗.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 认知缺陷在精神病中很常见,并且与神经生物学有关,可能表明内分类型.
- 了解认知亚型对于精神病的研究和治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用数据驱动的集群,在情感性 (AP) 和非情感性精神病 (NAP) 患者和对照者 (HC) 中识别不同的认知亚型.
- 在这些亚型中探索症状,认知,药物和灰质体积的变化.
- 在精神病中调查认知,大脑结构,症状和药物之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 使用了医疗保健专家早期精神病数据集 (n=226).
- 应用主要组件分析来选择关键的认知特征 (智力,记忆,执行功能).
- 雇佣的 Fuzzy K-Means 集群来定义认知子类型 (赤字,中间,节省).
主要成果:
- 三个不同的认知集群出现了,在认知障碍,症状,药物和灰色物质量方面存在显著差异.
- "节省"的群体表现出无损的认知和正常的大脑结构; "赤字"的群体表现出广泛的赤字和改变的灰质; "中间"的群体落在这些极端之间.
- 认知得分与灰质变化和负面症状相关,即使在药物控制后也是如此.
结论:
- 精神病中的认知亚型与不同的神经生物学和临床特征有关.
- 认知可能在大脑结构,症状和药物之间的关系中发挥调解作用.
- 查认知变化可能有助于为精神病患者量身定制干预措施.
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