与马来西亚饮食盐摄入量和高血压相关的知识,态度和实践的种族差异:一项多中心横截面研究
Yook Chin Chia1,2, Siew Mooi Ching3,4,5,6, Ming Tsuey Chew7
1Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. ycchia@sunway.edu.my.
概括
马来西亚成年人知道高盐摄入量是有害的,但了解其与心脏问题的联系是低的. 提高盐标识意识和量身定制的教育可以帮助减少跨种族群体的高血压风险.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
背景情况:
- 高盐摄入量是血压升高的已知危险因素.
- 关于将这些知识转化为实践的数据有限,特别是在不同种族的人口中.
- 了解有关食盐的知识,态度和做法 (KAP) 对于高血压管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估不同族群的马来西亚成年人对食盐摄入的知识,态度和做法 (KAP).
- 为了确定KAP与盐摄入量和高血压之间的关联.
- 为了确定与盐有关的KAP的种族特异性差异.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及5128名马来西亚成年人的横截面研究,来自全国血压查.
- 通过人口统计和与饮食盐摄入相关的KAP问卷收集数据.
- 统计分析比较KAP跨种族 (马来人,中国人,印度人,其他) 和血压相关.
主要成果:
- 超过90%的人认识到高盐摄入的一般健康风险,但只有三分之一的人理解其与中风和心力衰竭的联系.
- 观察到KAP的显著种族差异;印度参与者表现出更好的知识,态度和做法 (例如,标签阅读,香料使用).
- 缺乏对盐与的认识,以及不阅读盐标签,与高血压的更高几率有关.
结论:
- 在马来西亚,将盐知识转化为实践的不理想转化存在,在KAP有种族差异.
- 提高盐标的清晰度和意识,为改善健康结果提供了重大机会.
- 建议针对特定种族的教育策略,重点关注标签阅读,减少加工食品和任意使用盐,以对抗高血压.
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