基因组转移有助于破译filoviruses的古代进化和与脊椎动物宿主相互作用
Derek J Taylor1, Max H Barnhart1
1Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America.
PLoS pathogens
|September 3, 2024
概括
这项研究揭示了古老的filovirus起源和宿主转移使用古病毒学和植物遗传学. 它揭示了对动物的重复基因组转移,影响了病毒的发现和进化理解.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 菲洛病毒是重要的人类病原体,其进化起源和宿主相互作用尚不清楚.
- 关于filoviruses的深层进化历史和宿主关联,存在相互矛盾的证据.
研究的目的:
- 通过古病毒学阐明filoviruses的起源和进化历史.
- 为了解决细菌遗传冲突和偏见在细菌病毒进化.
- 为了研究古老的基因组转移的filovirus-like元素脊椎动物宿主.
主要方法:
- 在地质时间尺度上的古病毒记录分析.
- 蛋白质结构预测和古老和现存病毒元素的比较.
- 植物遗传学分析采用编码子特定模型来减轻偏差.
- 进化维护试验,包括净化选择分析.
主要成果:
- 识别和表征了四个古老的filoviral群体,包括现存和古老的filoviral成员与开放的阅读框架.
- 检测到的证据表明,filovirus类元素反复转移到动物的血统中,特别是自中世纪以来的spalacid动物.
- 证明了净化选择的作用,以维持蛋白质结构,并在这些古老的元素中打开阅读框架.
- 使用改进的方法,解决了filovirus L基因类型中的长分支吸引偏差.
结论:
- 古代的filovirus血统和宿主转移已经被低估了.
- 在古病毒群中发现现存的病毒重新定义了病毒发现策略,并突出了RNA病毒中的Lazarus taxa.
- 基因组转移到具有潜在功能选择的脊椎动物宿主比以前理解的更为普遍,重塑了filiovirus的进化框架.
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