全球粮食系统的生产力-稳定性权衡
Marie Gutgesell1, Kevin McCann2, Reilly O'Connor2
1University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. marie.gutgesell11@gmail.com.
Nature ecology & evolution
|September 3, 2024
概括
人类对粮食生产的管理减少了生物多样性和生态系统的稳定性. 纳入生产力-稳定性权衡对于可持续的粮食系统和弹性生态系统至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 食品系统分析 食品系统分析
背景情况:
- 人类的食物系统历史上优先考虑生产力,导致全球生态系统的修改.
- 这导致了物种多样性和体型的减少,创造了同质化的环境.
- 这些变化损害了生态系统的结构,功能和稳定性,这是粮食安全讨论中忽视的关键方面.
研究的目的:
- 综合文献,证明管理食品系统中的生产力-稳定性权衡.
- 为明确将这种权衡纳入可持续的粮食系统管理而辩论.
- 探索粮食系统管理对生物多样性和食物网稳定的历史影响.
主要方法:
- 关于食品系统和生态系统稳定性的经验和理论研究的文学综合.
- 分析人类管理,物种体型和食物网结构之间的关系.
- 对大规模生态研究的审查,以确认生产率-稳定性权衡的普遍性.
主要成果:
- 人类管理导致生物同质化,改变了食物网的动态,增加了能量流.
- 平均体型的减少表明了这些破坏生态系统变化的迹象.
- 生产力稳定性权衡是各种生态尺度上普遍存在的现象.
结论:
- 可持续的粮食生产需要承认和管理生产率-稳定性权衡.
- 促进景观异质性和维护关键食物网结构的战略是必不可少的.
- 将生态稳定明确纳入粮食系统管理中,对于长期粮食安全至关重要.
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