烟草零售的可用性和吸烟- 一个系统的审查和元分析
Veronica Martin-Gall1,2, Amanda Neil1, Kate Macintyre3
1Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
Drug and alcohol review
|September 4, 2024
概括
减少烟草零售密度与孕妇,青少年和成年人吸烟率的降低有关. 这一系统性审查表明,限制烟草出售点的可用性是控制烟草的关键策略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 烟草控制政策 烟草控制政策
背景情况:
- 全球卫生政策往往侧重于消费者层面的干预措施,以减少烟草的危害.
- 通过减少零售供应来限制烟草产品的供应是减少吸烟的潜在策略.
研究的目的:
- 进行系统的文献审查和元分析,以评估烟草零售供应量与吸烟行为之间的关联.
- 为决策者提供有关减少烟草零售密度作为烟草控制措施有效性的信息.
主要方法:
- 在2023年1月之前,对五个数据库进行了系统搜索.
- 包括的研究检查了烟草零售密度,近距离或混合措施作为暴露和吸烟行为作为结果.
- 对具有相似人群,暴露和结果的研究进行了元分析,包括至少三项研究.
主要成果:
- 包括62项研究,显示出烟草出口密度与孕妇,青少年和成人吸烟之间的积极关联.
- 分析表明,较高的烟草零售密度与一直吸烟 (OR 1.20),目前的青少年吸烟 (OR 1.23) 和成人吸烟 (OR 1.11) 有关.
- 在学校或家庭附近的限制性烟草零售法律对吸烟的影响有限,除了重度吸烟的男性.
结论:
- 更高的烟草零售密度始终与不同人群中增加的吸烟有关.
- 旨在减少烟草零售商密度的战略应纳入全面的烟草控制工作.
- 目前的证据表明,基于近距离的烟草零售法律在降低整体吸烟率方面可能具有有限的有效性.
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