一种深度和可解释的学习方法,用于长期ECG临床噪声分类
IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering
|September 4, 2024
概括
深度学习模型有效地在长期监测心电图 (ECG) 中对临床噪声进行分类. 可解释的深度学习系统提高了诊断的信心,并帮助临床医生识别出用于诊断的有价值的心电图数据.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 信号处理 信号处理
背景情况:
- 长期监测 (LTM) 电心电图 (ECG) 中的噪音损害了诊断准确性和分析效率.
- 基于可解释性的心电图噪声的临床严重程度,与传统的定量测量方法有着不同的挑战.
- 之前的工作建立了机器学习 (ML) 模型,用于使用临床严重性标签对心电图噪声进行分类.
研究的目的:
- 探索深度学习 (DL) 模型,用于在LTM ECG记录中对临床噪声进行分类.
- 开发可解释的DL架构,以提高决策透明度.
- 将DL性能与以前的ML方法进行比较,并评估可解释模型的实用性.
主要方法:
- 开发了两套卷积神经网络 (CNN):一种新的1D CNN和通过转移学习微调的预先训练的2D CNN.
- 设计了两个Autoencoder (AE) 架构,通过潜伏空间数据区域化实现模型可解释性.
- 在测试组中使用患者分离,以减轻患者内过度配合.
主要成果:
- 在心电图噪声分类方面,DL系统显著优于以前的ML方法,达到F1得分高达0.84.84.
- 可解释DL架构表现出与非可解释模型相提并论的性能,提供了定性解释.
- 开发的系统成功地在LTM ECG数据中对临床噪声进行了分类.
结论:
- 集成的DL和可解释系统对于在LTM ECG中对临床噪声进行分类非常有效.
- 这种方法提高了临床医生的对人工智能驱动的决策支持系统的信心,促进了技术转让.
- 这些系统有助于医疗保健专业人员识别ECG信号的诊断相关部分.
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