临床特征和HLA遗传学在1型糖尿病的儿童中不同,由西班牙裔种族开始
Kagan E Karakus1, Theodore Fleury1, Erin E Baschal1
1Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
|September 4, 2024
概括
1型糖尿病的西班牙裔白人儿童的诊断年龄较小,糖尿病酸性脂肪酸症的发病率更高. 它们还显示了特定的人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) DR4-DQ8遗传标记物的明显更高的流行率.
科学领域:
- 儿科内分泌学 儿科内分泌学
- 免疫遗传学 免疫遗传学
- 糖尿病研究 糖尿病研究
背景情况:
- 1型糖尿病 (T1D) 发病率在儿童中正在上升,特别是在西班牙裔白人 (HW) 群体中.
- 了解T1D呈现的种族差异对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在T1D诊断时比较HW和非西班牙裔白人 (NHW) 儿童的临床,免疫学和遗传因素.
- 为了确定潜在的风险因素和种族之间疾病呈现的差异.
主要方法:
- 一项观察性单中心研究包括1297名被诊断患有T1D的儿童 (≤20岁).
- 患者按西班牙裔种族分类,并测试了岛屿自身抗体和人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 类型.
主要成果:
- 与NHW儿童相比,HW儿童的诊断年龄较小 (10.2岁与11.1岁),糖尿病酸性脂肪酸症的发生频率更高 (62.4%与51.9%相比).
- 在性别,A1c或自身抗体配置文件方面没有发现显著差异.
- 在HW儿童 (79.1%) 与NHW儿童 (60.1%) 中发现了HLA-DR4-DQ8单元型的更高患病率.
结论:
- 患有T1D的HW儿童表现出HLA-DR4-DQ8单元型的高频率.
- 这种遗传标志物可以帮助识别T1D风险较高的HW儿童.
- 有针对性的免疫监测和早期干预策略可以减少糖尿病酸性脂肪酸症,并可能在这个人群中预防T1D发病.
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